Complimenting Non-Jews - Revision history

YitzchakSultan at 22:01, 4 March 2020

2020-03-04T22:01:36Z

Aaschrei at 01:31, 24 July 2019

2019-07-24T01:31:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:31, 24 July 2019
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	#It is permissible to praise a non-Jew as a form of praise of God.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 151:14. Shut Btzel HaChochma 1:46. Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:4</ref>		#It is permissible to praise a non-Jew as a form of praise of God.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 151:14. Shut Btzel HaChochma 1:46. Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:4</ref>
	#It is permissible to praise a non-Jew as a springboard to praising a Jew.<ref>Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:3</ref>		#It is permissible to praise a non-Jew as a springboard to praising a Jew.<ref>Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:3. Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 recommends adding this if you praise a non-Jew</ref>
	#One may praise a non-Jew for good deeds he did for a Jew.<ref>Sefer Chasidim 746 uses this to explain how we can say Charvona Zachur LaTov on Purim after the Megillah reading</ref> One may also pray for such a person.<ref>Sefer HaChasidim 790. See Rav Chaim Palagi (Shut Chaim BiYad Siman 33) where he brings a proof from Elisha curing Naaman		#One may praise a non-Jew for good deeds he did for a Jew.<ref>Sefer Chasidim 746 uses this to explain how we can say Charvona Zachur LaTov on Purim after the Megillah reading</ref> One may also pray for such a person.<ref>Sefer HaChasidim 790. See Rav Chaim Palagi (Shut Chaim BiYad Siman 33) where he brings a proof from Elisha curing Naaman

Aaschrei at 01:29, 24 July 2019

2019-07-24T01:29:38Z

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	#Some only prohibit praising something that is uniquely not Jewish, but if it relates to the Torah it is permissible.<ref>Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54). The Titz Eliezer concludes that therefore we should praise those who have a medical breakthrough.</ref>		#Some only prohibit praising something that is uniquely not Jewish, but if it relates to the Torah it is permissible.<ref>Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54). The Titz Eliezer concludes that therefore we should praise those who have a medical breakthrough.</ref>
	#Some allow praising the wisdom of a non-Jew.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 bases this on the idea of Medrash Eicha Rabah 2:13 that we should believe that the nations of the world have wisdom. This also explains how the Rambam would compliment Aristotle's wisdom. However, it is always advisable to use the praise as a springboard for the Jews by adding "but not as smart as our sages."</ref>		#Some allow praising the wisdom of a non-Jew.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 bases this on the idea of Medrash Eicha Rabah 2:13 that we should believe that the nations of the world have wisdom. This also explains how the Rambam would compliment Aristotle's wisdom. However, it is always advisable to use the praise as a springboard for the Jews by adding "but not as smart as our sages."</ref>
	#Some allow praising a non-Jew if there is no personal connection.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197</ref>		#Some allow praising a non-Jew if there is no personal connection.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 as you will not come closer to him</ref>
	#Some allow praising a non-Jew after he dies.<ref>Avoda Berurah Avoda Zara 20 as we no longer have to worry about becoming to involved with the non-Jew.</ref>		#Some allow praising a non-Jew after he dies.<ref>Avoda Berurah Avoda Zara 20 as we no longer have to worry about becoming to involved with the non-Jew.</ref>
	#Some only prohibit praising a non-Jew with above normal abilities.<ref>Shut Divrei Yatziv 10:43</ref>		#Some only prohibit praising a non-Jew with above normal abilities.<ref>Shut Divrei Yatziv 10:43</ref>

Aaschrei at 00:45, 24 July 2019

2019-07-24T00:45:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:45, 24 July 2019
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	Rav Yitzchak Atiah (Rov Dagan Kuntres Os L'Tovah 45) quoted by Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60) says that if you don't know the non-Jew, you may pray that they return to do the proper thing and feel better.</ref>		Rav Yitzchak Atiah (Rov Dagan Kuntres Os L'Tovah 45) quoted by Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60) says that if you don't know the non-Jew, you may pray that they return to do the proper thing and feel better.</ref>
	#One should pray and say kaddish for a non Jewish parent.<ref>Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60)</ref>		#One should pray and say kaddish for a non Jewish parent.<ref>Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60)</ref>
	#Some only praising an individual non-Jew, but allow praising a nation.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54)</ref> Others prohibit this as well.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from the Gra Gemorah Shabbos 33b</ref>		#Some only praising an individual non-Jew, but allow praising a nation.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54)</ref> Others prohibit this as well.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from the Gra Gemorah Shabbos 33b. Rav Menashe Klein (Shut Mishna Halachot 10:111) says that one cannot call his food after a non-Jewish country (i.e. Chinese food) as this is a form of praise</ref>
	#Some only prohibit praising something that is uniquely not Jewish, but if it relates to the Torah it is permissible.<ref>Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54). The Titz Eliezer concludes that therefore we should praise those who have a medical breakthrough.</ref>		#Some only prohibit praising something that is uniquely not Jewish, but if it relates to the Torah it is permissible.<ref>Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54). The Titz Eliezer concludes that therefore we should praise those who have a medical breakthrough.</ref>
	#Some allow praising the wisdom of a non-Jew.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 bases this on the idea of Medrash Eicha Rabah 2:13 that we should believe that the nations of the world have wisdom. This also explains how the Rambam would compliment Aristotle's wisdom. However, it is always advisable to use the praise as a springboard for the Jews by adding "but not as smart as our sages."</ref>		#Some allow praising the wisdom of a non-Jew.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 bases this on the idea of Medrash Eicha Rabah 2:13 that we should believe that the nations of the world have wisdom. This also explains how the Rambam would compliment Aristotle's wisdom. However, it is always advisable to use the praise as a springboard for the Jews by adding "but not as smart as our sages."</ref>

Aaschrei at 00:37, 24 July 2019

2019-07-24T00:37:18Z

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	#One should pray and say kaddish for a non Jewish parent.<ref>Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60)</ref>		#One should pray and say kaddish for a non Jewish parent.<ref>Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60)</ref>
	#Some only praising an individual non-Jew, but allow praising a nation.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54)</ref> Others prohibit this as well.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from the Gra Gemorah Shabbos 33b</ref>		#Some only praising an individual non-Jew, but allow praising a nation.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54)</ref> Others prohibit this as well.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from the Gra Gemorah Shabbos 33b</ref>
	#Some only prohibit praising something that is uniquely not Jewish, but if it relates to the Torah it is permissible.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54)</ref>		#Some only prohibit praising something that is uniquely not Jewish, but if it relates to the Torah it is permissible.<ref>Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54). The Titz Eliezer concludes that therefore we should praise those who have a medical breakthrough.</ref>
	#Some allow praising the wisdom of a non-Jew.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 bases this on the idea of Medrash Eicha Rabah 2:13 that we should believe that the nations of the world have wisdom. This also explains how the Rambam would compliment Aristotle's wisdom. However, it is always advisable to use the praise as a springboard for the Jews by adding "but not as smart as our sages."</ref>		#Some allow praising the wisdom of a non-Jew.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 bases this on the idea of Medrash Eicha Rabah 2:13 that we should believe that the nations of the world have wisdom. This also explains how the Rambam would compliment Aristotle's wisdom. However, it is always advisable to use the praise as a springboard for the Jews by adding "but not as smart as our sages."</ref>
	#Some allow praising a non-Jew if there is no personal connection.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197</ref>		#Some allow praising a non-Jew if there is no personal connection.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197</ref>

Aaschrei at 00:34, 24 July 2019

2019-07-24T00:34:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:34, 24 July 2019
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	Sma C.M. 249:2 explains that a ger toshav is a person who accepts the sheva mitzvos bnei noach and we are therefore obligated to provide for him if he doesn't have and are allowed to give him gifts. However, one who doesn't abide by the sheva mitzvos can only be sold to</ref>		Sma C.M. 249:2 explains that a ger toshav is a person who accepts the sheva mitzvos bnei noach and we are therefore obligated to provide for him if he doesn't have and are allowed to give him gifts. However, one who doesn't abide by the sheva mitzvos can only be sold to</ref>
	##Others explain that this only applies to idolaters<ref>Meiri Avoda Zara 20a, Shut HaRashba 1:8, and Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yalkut Yosef Kitzur Shulchan Aruch O.C. 328 and Yabia Omer Y.D. 10:41 expands this to any law abiding non-Jew who believes in God)</ref>		##Others explain that this only applies to idolaters<ref>Meiri Avoda Zara 20a, Shut HaRashba 1:8, and Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yalkut Yosef Kitzur Shulchan Aruch O.C. 328 and Yabia Omer Y.D. 10:41 expands this to any law abiding non-Jew who believes in God). Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:5</ref>
	##Others explain that this only applied to the seven nations that inhabited the land of Israel in the days of Yehoshua.<ref>Torah Temimah in Devarim 7:2. Titz Eliezer 15:47 says this is not accepted as it is against the rishonim</ref>		##Others explain that this only applied to the seven nations that inhabited the land of Israel in the days of Yehoshua.<ref>Torah Temimah in Devarim 7:2. Titz Eliezer 15:47 says this is not accepted as it is against the rishonim</ref>
	#The prohibition is about the complimenting, not about the non-Jew benefiting. Therefore, it applies even if the non-Jew does not receive benefit.<ref>Avoda Berura Avoda Zara 20		#The prohibition is about the complimenting, not about the non-Jew benefiting. Therefore, it applies even if the non-Jew does not receive benefit.<ref>Avoda Berura Avoda Zara 20
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	==Exceptions==		==Exceptions==

	#It is permissible to praise a non-Jew as a form of praise of God.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 151:14. Shut Btzel HaChochma 1:46</ref>		#It is permissible to praise a non-Jew as a form of praise of God.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 151:14. Shut Btzel HaChochma 1:46. Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:4</ref>
	#It is permissible to praise a non-Jew as a springboard to praising a Jew.<ref>Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426</ref>		#It is permissible to praise a non-Jew as a springboard to praising a Jew.<ref>Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:3</ref>
	#One may praise a non-Jew for good deeds he did for a Jew.<ref>Sefer Chasidim 746 uses this to explain how we can say Charvona Zachur LaTov on Purim after the Megillah reading</ref> One may also pray for such a person.<ref>Sefer HaChasidim 790. See Rav Chaim Palagi (Shut Chaim BiYad Siman 33) where he brings a proof from Elisha curing Naaman		#One may praise a non-Jew for good deeds he did for a Jew.<ref>Sefer Chasidim 746 uses this to explain how we can say Charvona Zachur LaTov on Purim after the Megillah reading</ref> One may also pray for such a person.<ref>Sefer HaChasidim 790. See Rav Chaim Palagi (Shut Chaim BiYad Siman 33) where he brings a proof from Elisha curing Naaman

Aaschrei at 00:29, 24 July 2019

2019-07-24T00:29:53Z

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	Rav Yitzchak Atiah (Rov Dagan Kuntres Os L'Tovah 45) quoted by Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60) says that if you don't know the non-Jew, you may pray that they return to do the proper thing and feel better.</ref>		Rav Yitzchak Atiah (Rov Dagan Kuntres Os L'Tovah 45) quoted by Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60) says that if you don't know the non-Jew, you may pray that they return to do the proper thing and feel better.</ref>
	#One should pray and say kaddish for a non Jewish parent.<ref>Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60)</ref>		#One should pray and say kaddish for a non Jewish parent.<ref>Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60)</ref>
			#Some only praising an individual non-Jew, but allow praising a nation.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54)</ref> Others prohibit this as well.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from the Gra Gemorah Shabbos 33b</ref>
			#Some only prohibit praising something that is uniquely not Jewish, but if it relates to the Torah it is permissible.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54)</ref>
	#Some allow praising the wisdom of a non-Jew.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 bases this on the idea of Medrash Eicha Rabah 2:13 that we should believe that the nations of the world have wisdom. This also explains how the Rambam would compliment Aristotle's wisdom. However, it is always advisable to use the praise as a springboard for the Jews by adding "but not as smart as our sages."</ref>		#Some allow praising the wisdom of a non-Jew.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 bases this on the idea of Medrash Eicha Rabah 2:13 that we should believe that the nations of the world have wisdom. This also explains how the Rambam would compliment Aristotle's wisdom. However, it is always advisable to use the praise as a springboard for the Jews by adding "but not as smart as our sages."</ref>
	#Some allow praising a non-Jew if there is no personal connection.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197</ref>		#Some allow praising a non-Jew if there is no personal connection.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197</ref>

Aaschrei at 00:22, 24 July 2019

2019-07-24T00:22:42Z

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	Sefer HaChinuch 426 explains the reason for the prohibition is because by praising them, you’ll feel closer to them, and come to assimilate. The Sefer Charedim Mitzvos Lo Saseh 1:33 says therefore the prohibition primarily depends on your thoughts and emotions.</ref>		Sefer HaChinuch 426 explains the reason for the prohibition is because by praising them, you’ll feel closer to them, and come to assimilate. The Sefer Charedim Mitzvos Lo Saseh 1:33 says therefore the prohibition primarily depends on your thoughts and emotions.</ref>
	#The prohibition is only to express the praise, but thinking it is permissible.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Shalom Shulal (Sefer Naveh Shalom 24)</ref>		#The prohibition is only to express the praise, but thinking it is permissible.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Shalom Shulal (Sefer Naveh Shalom 24). However, he notes that some argue, so it is appropriate to be strict.</ref>
			#Some permit praising a non-Jew if you don't really feel that way.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Shalom Shulal (Sefer Naveh Shalom 24)</ref>

	==Exceptions==		==Exceptions==

Aaschrei at 00:18, 24 July 2019

2019-07-24T00:18:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:18, 24 July 2019
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	Sma C.M. 249:2 explains that a ger toshav is a person who accepts the sheva mitzvos bnei noach and we are therefore obligated to provide for him if he doesn't have and are allowed to give him gifts. However, one who doesn't abide by the sheva mitzvos can only be sold to</ref>		Sma C.M. 249:2 explains that a ger toshav is a person who accepts the sheva mitzvos bnei noach and we are therefore obligated to provide for him if he doesn't have and are allowed to give him gifts. However, one who doesn't abide by the sheva mitzvos can only be sold to</ref>
	##Others explain that this only applies to idolaters<ref>Meiri Avoda Zara 20a, Shut HaRashba 1:8, and Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yalkut Yosef Kitzur Shulchan Aruch O.C. 328 and Yabia Omer Y.D. 10:41 expands this to any law abiding non-Jew who believes in God)</ref>		##Others explain that this only applies to idolaters<ref>Meiri Avoda Zara 20a, Shut HaRashba 1:8, and Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yalkut Yosef Kitzur Shulchan Aruch O.C. 328 and Yabia Omer Y.D. 10:41 expands this to any law abiding non-Jew who believes in God)</ref>
	##Others explain that this only applied to the seven nations that inhabited the land of Israel in the days of Yehoshua.<ref>Torah Temimah in Devarim 7:2</ref>		##Others explain that this only applied to the seven nations that inhabited the land of Israel in the days of Yehoshua.<ref>Torah Temimah in Devarim 7:2. Titz Eliezer 15:47 says this is not accepted as it is against the rishonim</ref>
	#The prohibition is about the complimenting, not about the non-Jew benefiting. Therefore, it applies even if the non-Jew does not receive benefit.<ref>Avoda Berura Avoda Zara 20		#The prohibition is about the complimenting, not about the non-Jew benefiting. Therefore, it applies even if the non-Jew does not receive benefit.<ref>Avoda Berura Avoda Zara 20

	Sefer HaChinuch 426 explains the reason for the prohibition is because by praising them, you’ll feel closer to them, and come to assimilate. The Sefer Charedim Mitzvos Lo Saseh 1:33 says therefore the prohibition primarily depends on your thoughts and emotions.</ref>		Sefer HaChinuch 426 explains the reason for the prohibition is because by praising them, you’ll feel closer to them, and come to assimilate. The Sefer Charedim Mitzvos Lo Saseh 1:33 says therefore the prohibition primarily depends on your thoughts and emotions.</ref>
			#The prohibition is only to express the praise, but thinking it is permissible.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Shalom Shulal (Sefer Naveh Shalom 24)</ref>

	==Exceptions==		==Exceptions==

Aaschrei at 00:57, 23 July 2019

2019-07-23T00:57:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:57, 23 July 2019
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	#Some allow praising a non-Jew after he dies.<ref>Avoda Berurah Avoda Zara 20 as we no longer have to worry about becoming to involved with the non-Jew.</ref>		#Some allow praising a non-Jew after he dies.<ref>Avoda Berurah Avoda Zara 20 as we no longer have to worry about becoming to involved with the non-Jew.</ref>
	#Some only prohibit praising a non-Jew with above normal abilities.<ref>Shut Divrei Yatziv 10:43</ref>		#Some only prohibit praising a non-Jew with above normal abilities.<ref>Shut Divrei Yatziv 10:43</ref>
	#~~If you have ulterior motive some~~ allow complementing a non-Jew.<ref>Rabbi Pinchas Zvichi (Shut Ateret Paz E.H. 1:3:5) allows one to put up a sign lilu nishmot soldiers of the Israeli army including a non-Jew. He adds that there is also an additional concern of maintaining peace.		#Some allow complementing a non-Jew if you have an ulterior motive.<ref>Rabbi Pinchas Zvichi (Shut Ateret Paz E.H. 1:3:5) allows one to put up a sign lilu nishmot soldiers of the Israeli army including a non-Jew. He adds that there is also an additional concern of maintaining peace.

	On the other hand, Rabbi Amram Bloom (Shut Beit Shearim Y.D. 227) says one shouldn't facilitate a relationship between non-Jews even though he will be making money as he will likely come to praise them.</ref>		On the other hand, Rabbi Amram Bloom (Shut Beit Shearim Y.D. 227) says one shouldn't facilitate a relationship between non-Jews even though he will be making money as he will likely come to praise them.</ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:01, 4 March 2020
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	==Source==		==Source==

	#One is forbidden to give a compliment to ~~a non-Jew~~ or to his actions.<ref>Avoda Zara 20b quoting Devarim 7:2. Rambam Hilchos Avodas Kochavim 10:4. Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 151:14.		#One is forbidden to give a compliment to an ''akum'' or to his actions.<ref>Avoda Zara 20b quoting Devarim 7:2. Rambam Hilchos Avodas Kochavim 10:4. Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 151:14.

	Rav Moshe Feinstein (Igros Moshe O.C. 2:51) says this is specifically by ~~non-Jews~~, but does not apply to irreligious Jews. </ref> One is forbidden to bless ~~a non-Jew~~.<ref>Magen Avraham O.C. 189:1 says that when there is ~~a non-Jew~~ in the house, one must change the text of the Harachaman in Birkat HaMazon to kulanu yachad benay bris. The Taz says to say kulanu benay bris yachad</ref>		Rav Moshe Feinstein (Igros Moshe O.C. 2:51) says this is specifically by ''akum''s, but does not apply to irreligious Jews. </ref> One is forbidden to bless an ''akum''.<ref>Magen Avraham O.C. 189:1 says that when there is an ''akum'' in the house, one must change the text of the Harachaman in Birkat HaMazon to kulanu yachad benay bris. The Taz says to say kulanu benay bris yachad</ref>
	##Some explain that this by all ~~non-Jews~~ except for a ''ger toshav''.<ref>Tosfos Avoda Zara 20a s.v. d'amar. Beis Yosef C.M. 249. Shach Y.D. 151:18.		##Some explain that this by all ''akum''s except for a ''ger toshav''.<ref>Tosfos Avoda Zara 20a s.v. d'amar. Beis Yosef C.M. 249. Shach Y.D. 151:18.

	Sma C.M. 249:2 explains that a ger toshav is a person who accepts the sheva mitzvos bnei noach and we are therefore obligated to provide for him if he doesn't have and are allowed to give him gifts. However, one who doesn't abide by the sheva mitzvos can only be sold to</ref>		Sma C.M. 249:2 explains that a ger toshav is a person who accepts the sheva mitzvos bnei noach and we are therefore obligated to provide for him if he doesn't have and are allowed to give him gifts. However, one who doesn't abide by the sheva mitzvos can only be sold to</ref>
	##Others explain that this only applies to idolaters<ref>Meiri Avoda Zara 20a, Shut HaRashba 1:8, and Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yalkut Yosef Kitzur Shulchan Aruch O.C. 328 and Yabia Omer Y.D. 10:41 expands this to any law abiding ~~non-Jew~~ who believes in God). Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:5</ref>		##Others explain that this only applies to idolaters<ref>Meiri Avoda Zara 20a, Shut HaRashba 1:8, and Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yalkut Yosef Kitzur Shulchan Aruch O.C. 328 and Yabia Omer Y.D. 10:41 expands this to any law abiding ''akum'' who believes in God). Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:5</ref>
	##Others explain that this only applied to the seven nations that inhabited the land of Israel in the days of Yehoshua.<ref>Torah Temimah in Devarim 7:2. Titz Eliezer 15:47 says this is not accepted as it is against the rishonim</ref>		##Others explain that this only applied to the seven nations that inhabited the land of Israel in the days of Yehoshua.<ref>Torah Temimah in Devarim 7:2. Titz Eliezer 15:47 says this is not accepted as it is against the rishonim</ref>
	#The prohibition is about the complimenting, not about the ~~non-Jew~~ benefiting. Therefore, it applies even if the ~~non-Jew~~ does not receive benefit.<ref>Avoda Berura Avoda Zara 20		#The prohibition is about the complimenting, not about the ''akum'' benefiting. Therefore, it applies even if the ''akum'' does not receive benefit.<ref>Avoda Berura Avoda Zara 20

	Sefer HaChinuch 426 explains the reason for the prohibition is because by praising them, you’ll feel closer to them, and come to assimilate. The Sefer Charedim Mitzvos Lo Saseh 1:33 says therefore the prohibition primarily depends on your thoughts and emotions.</ref>		Sefer HaChinuch 426 explains the reason for the prohibition is because by praising them, you’ll feel closer to them, and come to assimilate. The Sefer Charedim Mitzvos Lo Saseh 1:33 says therefore the prohibition primarily depends on your thoughts and emotions.</ref>
	#The prohibition is only to express the praise, but thinking it is permissible.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Shalom Shulal (Sefer Naveh Shalom 24). However, he notes that some argue, so it is appropriate to be strict.</ref>		#The prohibition is only to express the praise, but thinking it is permissible.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Shalom Shulal (Sefer Naveh Shalom 24). However, he notes that some argue, so it is appropriate to be strict.</ref>
	#Some permit praising ~~a non-Jew~~ if you don't really feel that way.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Shalom Shulal (Sefer Naveh Shalom 24)</ref>		#Some permit praising an ''akum'' if you don't really feel that way.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Shalom Shulal (Sefer Naveh Shalom 24)</ref>

	==Exceptions==		==Exceptions==

	#It is permissible to praise ~~a non-Jew~~ as a form of praise of God.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 151:14. Shut Btzel HaChochma 1:46. Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:4</ref>		#It is permissible to praise an ''akum'' as a form of praise of God.<ref>Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 151:14. Shut Btzel HaChochma 1:46. Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:4</ref>
	#It is permissible to praise ~~a non-Jew~~ as a springboard to praising a Jew.<ref>Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:3. Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 recommends adding this if you praise ~~a non-Jew~~</ref>		#It is permissible to praise an ''akum'' as a springboard to praising a Jew.<ref>Sefer HaChinuch Mitzvah 426. Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47:3. Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 recommends adding this if you praise an ''akum''</ref>
	#One may praise ~~a non-Jew~~ for good deeds he did for a Jew.<ref>Sefer Chasidim 746 uses this to explain how we can say Charvona Zachur LaTov on Purim after the Megillah reading</ref> One may also pray for such a person.<ref>Sefer HaChasidim 790. See Rav Chaim Palagi (Shut Chaim BiYad Siman 33) where he brings a proof from Elisha curing Naaman		#One may praise an ''akum'' for good deeds he did for a Jew.<ref>Sefer Chasidim 746 uses this to explain how we can say Charvona Zachur LaTov on Purim after the Megillah reading</ref> One may also pray for such a person.<ref>Sefer HaChasidim 790. See Rav Chaim Palagi (Shut Chaim BiYad Siman 33) where he brings a proof from Elisha curing Naaman

	Rav Yitzchak Atiah (Rov Dagan Kuntres Os L'Tovah 45) quoted by Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60) says that if you don't know the ~~non-Jew~~, you may pray that they return to do the proper thing and feel better.</ref>		Rav Yitzchak Atiah (Rov Dagan Kuntres Os L'Tovah 45) quoted by Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60) says that if you don't know the ''akum'', you may pray that they return to do the proper thing and feel better.</ref>
	#One should pray and say kaddish for a non Jewish parent.<ref>Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60)</ref>		#One should pray and say kaddish for a non Jewish parent.<ref>Rav Ovadia Yosef (Yechaveh Daas 6:60)</ref>
	#Some only praising an individual ~~non-Jew~~, but allow praising a nation.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54)</ref> Others prohibit this as well.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from the Gra Gemorah Shabbos 33b. Rav Menashe Klein (Shut Mishna Halachot 10:111) says that one cannot call his food after a ~~non-Jewish~~ country (i.e. Chinese food) as this is a form of praise</ref>		#Some only praising an individual ''akum'', but allow praising a nation.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54)</ref> Others prohibit this as well.<ref>Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from the Gra Gemorah Shabbos 33b. Rav Menashe Klein (Shut Mishna Halachot 10:111) says that one cannot call his food after a country (i.e. Chinese food) as this is a form of praise</ref>
	#Some only prohibit praising something that is uniquely not Jewish, but if it relates to the Torah it is permissible.<ref>Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54). The Titz Eliezer concludes that therefore we should praise those who have a medical breakthrough.</ref>		#Some only prohibit praising something that is uniquely not Jewish, but if it relates to the Torah it is permissible.<ref>Shut Titz Eliezer 15:47 quoting from Rav Chaim Palagi (Nishmas Kol Chai 1:54). The Titz Eliezer concludes that therefore we should praise those who have a medical breakthrough.</ref>
	#Some allow praising the wisdom of ~~a non-Jew~~.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 bases this on the idea of Medrash Eicha Rabah 2:13 that we should believe that the nations of the world have wisdom. This also explains how the Rambam would compliment Aristotle's wisdom. However, it is always advisable to use the praise as a springboard for the Jews by adding "but not as smart as our sages."</ref>		#Some allow praising the wisdom of an ''akum''.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 bases this on the idea of Medrash Eicha Rabah 2:13 that we should believe that the nations of the world have wisdom. This also explains how the Rambam would compliment Aristotle's wisdom. However, it is always advisable to use the praise as a springboard for the Jews by adding "but not as smart as our sages."</ref>
	#Some allow praising ~~a non-Jew~~ if there is no personal connection.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 as you will not come closer to him</ref>		#Some allow praising an ''akum'' if there is no personal connection.<ref>Shut Teshuvos V'Hanhagos 4:197 as you will not come closer to him</ref>
	#Some allow praising ~~a non-Jew~~ after he dies.<ref>Avoda Berurah Avoda Zara 20 as we no longer have to worry about becoming to involved with the ~~non-Jew~~.</ref>		#Some allow praising an ''akum'' after he dies.<ref>Avoda Berurah Avoda Zara 20 as we no longer have to worry about becoming to involved with the ''akum''.</ref>
	#Some only prohibit praising ~~a non-Jew~~ with above normal abilities.<ref>Shut Divrei Yatziv 10:43</ref>		#Some only prohibit praising an ''akum'' with above normal abilities.<ref>Shut Divrei Yatziv 10:43</ref>
	#Some allow complementing ~~a non-Jew~~ if you have an ulterior motive.<ref>Rabbi Pinchas Zvichi (Shut Ateret Paz E.H. 1:3:5) allows one to put up a sign lilu nishmot soldiers of the Israeli army including ~~a non-Jew~~. He adds that there is also an additional concern of maintaining peace.		#Some allow complementing an ''akum'' if you have an ulterior motive.<ref>Rabbi Pinchas Zvichi (Shut Ateret Paz E.H. 1:3:5) allows one to put up a sign lilu nishmot soldiers of the Israeli army including an ''akum''. He adds that there is also an additional concern of maintaining peace.

	On the other hand, Rabbi Amram Bloom (Shut Beit Shearim Y.D. 227) says one shouldn't facilitate a relationship between ~~non-Jews~~ even though he will be making money as he will likely come to praise them.</ref>		On the other hand, Rabbi Amram Bloom (Shut Beit Shearim Y.D. 227) says one shouldn't facilitate a relationship between ''akum''s even though he will be making money as he will likely come to praise them.</ref>

	==Links==		==Links==
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	==Sources==		==Sources==
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	[[Category:Interactions with ~~Non-Jews~~]]		[[Category:Interactions with ''akum''s]]