Kaddish - Revision history

YitzchakSultan1: /* Proper Practices of the Congregation during Kaddish */

2026-06-12T12:38:51Z

Proper Practices of the Congregation during Kaddish

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:38, 12 June 2026
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	# If Kaddish began while one was standing, he/she should remain standing until after answering "[[Amen]] yehe sheme raba..." <ref> Ben Ish Chai (Vayechi, 8) </ref>		# If Kaddish began while one was standing, he/she should remain standing until after answering "[[Amen]] yehe sheme raba..." <ref> Ben Ish Chai (Vayechi, 8) </ref>
	# The Sephardic custom is to respond "Amen yehe sheme raba..." until the word "Be'alma," and one should not answer "Amen" after the Chazzan says "Berich hu" unless one has completed the full response.<ref> Ben Ish Chai, Vayehi, 2; Rav Pealim, chelek 2, 13 </ref>		# The Sephardic custom is to respond "Amen yehe sheme raba..." until the word "Be'alma," and one should not answer "Amen" after the Chazzan says "Berich hu" unless one has completed the full response.<ref> Ben Ish Chai, Vayehi, 2; Rav Pealim, chelek 2, 13 </ref>

			== Differing Texts of Kaddish ==

			# Sephardim recite Kaddish with the text of ויצמח פורקניה ויקרב משיחיה after וימליך מלוכתיה, while Ashkenazim do not. Both of these texts have ancient sources.<ref>Machzor Vitri (siman 279, student of Rashi) has the text of ויצמח פורקניה ויקרב משיחיה in kaddish, while Rav Amram Goan (Siddur Rav Amram Goan, Kriyat Shema Ubirchoteha s.v. yitgadal) does not. Aruch Hashulchan 56:2 notes these different minhagim.</ref>
	# If an Ashkenazi is in a place where they hear a Kaddish with ויצמח פורקניה he may answer Amen to that line like the Sephardim do.<ref>Rav Chaim Zonenfeld (Torat Chaim p. 27 quoting Salmat Chaim 127) held that a person should answer amen to vayasmach purkaney. Torat Chaim also quotes that this is the opinion of Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Halichot Shlomo ch. 6 fnt. 14). However, the Brisker Rav (Sh"t Hashoel p. 146) did not answer amen there since the Rambam does not list an amen to that section. Rav Elyashiv (Sh"t Hashoel p. 147) wouldn't answer amen to that line during maariv between hashkivenu and shemona esrei, but would answer it between psukei dzimra and brachot kriyat shema. He added that it isn't a hefsek even in maariv.</ref> Some say that Ashkenazim should not say amen to that line while they're in the middle of Psukei Dzimra.<ref>Rivevot Efraim 1:46 quoting Rav Moshe</ref>		# If an Ashkenazi is in a place where they hear a Kaddish with ויצמח פורקניה he may answer Amen to that line like the Sephardim do.<ref>Rav Chaim Zonenfeld (Torat Chaim p. 27 quoting Salmat Chaim 127) held that a person should answer amen to vayasmach purkaney. Torat Chaim also quotes that this is the opinion of Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Halichot Shlomo ch. 6 fnt. 14). However, the Brisker Rav (Sh"t Hashoel p. 146) did not answer amen there since the Rambam does not list an amen to that section. Rav Elyashiv (Sh"t Hashoel p. 147) wouldn't answer amen to that line during maariv between hashkivenu and shemona esrei, but would answer it between psukei dzimra and brachot kriyat shema. He added that it isn't a hefsek even in maariv.</ref> Some say that Ashkenazim should not say amen to that line while they're in the middle of Psukei Dzimra.<ref>Rivevot Efraim 1:46 quoting Rav Moshe</ref>

YitzchakSultan1: /* Proper Practices of the Congregation during Kaddish */

2026-06-11T21:42:12Z

Proper Practices of the Congregation during Kaddish

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:42, 11 June 2026
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	# Just like one does not walk in front of someone who is praying, so too one should not walk in front of someone who is reciting Kaddish.<ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 2; Ben Ish Chai (Vayechi, 10) </ref>		# Just like one does not walk in front of someone who is praying, so too one should not walk in front of someone who is reciting Kaddish.<ref> Kitzur Shulchan Aruch of Rav Rephael Baruch Toledano, siman 12, laws of kaddish, seif 2; Ben Ish Chai (Vayechi, 10) </ref>
	# If Kaddish began while one was standing, he/she should remain standing until after answering "[[Amen]] yehe sheme raba..." <ref> Ben Ish Chai (Vayechi, 8) </ref>		# If Kaddish began while one was standing, he/she should remain standing until after answering "[[Amen]] yehe sheme raba..." <ref> Ben Ish Chai (Vayechi, 8) </ref>
	# The Sephardic custom is to respond "Amen yehe sheme raba..." until the word "Be'alma," and one should not answer "Amen" after the Chazzan says "Berich hu" unless one has completed the full response.<ref> Ben Ish Chai, Vayehi, 2; Rav Pealim, chelek 2, 13 </ref>		# The Sephardic custom is to respond "Amen yehe sheme raba..." until the word "Be'alma," and one should not answer "Amen" after the Chazzan says "Berich hu" unless one has completed the full response.<ref> Ben Ish Chai, Vayehi, 2; Rav Pealim, chelek 2, 13 </ref>
			# If an Ashkenazi is in a place where they hear a Kaddish with ויצמח פורקניה he may answer Amen to that line like the Sephardim do.<ref>Rav Chaim Zonenfeld (Torat Chaim p. 27 quoting Salmat Chaim 127) held that a person should answer amen to vayasmach purkaney. Torat Chaim also quotes that this is the opinion of Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Halichot Shlomo ch. 6 fnt. 14). However, the Brisker Rav (Sh"t Hashoel p. 146) did not answer amen there since the Rambam does not list an amen to that section. Rav Elyashiv (Sh"t Hashoel p. 147) wouldn't answer amen to that line during maariv between hashkivenu and shemona esrei, but would answer it between psukei dzimra and brachot kriyat shema. He added that it isn't a hefsek even in maariv.</ref> Some say that Ashkenazim should not say amen to that line while they're in the middle of Psukei Dzimra.<ref>Rivevot Efraim 1:46 quoting Rav Moshe</ref>

	== Practices of the Chazan during Kaddish ==		== Practices of the Chazan during Kaddish ==

YitzchakSultan1: /* Requirements for Kaddish */

2026-06-11T17:35:35Z

Requirements for Kaddish

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	# It is permissible to recite Kaddish in memory of a non-Jew as long as the one who you are saying it for was a moral individual. A convert should say Kaddish for his parents.<ref> Sh"t Yechave Daat 6:60, Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 1 p. 358) </ref>		# It is permissible to recite Kaddish in memory of a non-Jew as long as the one who you are saying it for was a moral individual. A convert should say Kaddish for his parents.<ref> Sh"t Yechave Daat 6:60, Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 1 p. 358) </ref>
	# The Sephardic minhag is that anyone who wants may say Kaddish even if that means it will be a number of people reciting Kaddish together.<ref> Kaf HaChaim 132:16, Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 1 p. 334). The Chatam Sofer YD 2:345 records this as the Sephardic minhag as well.</ref> For a discussion on the Ashkenazic minhag see [http://www.torahmusings.com/2014/01/may-multiple-people-say-kaddish-simultaneously/ Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz]. Many Ashkenazim have adopted the Sephardic minhag.<ref>Chazon Ovadia citing Tzitz Eliezer 9:15:2 and Gesher Hachaim p. 333.</ref>		# The Sephardic minhag is that anyone who wants may say Kaddish even if that means it will be a number of people reciting Kaddish together.<ref> Kaf HaChaim 132:16, Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 1 p. 334). The Chatam Sofer YD 2:345 records this as the Sephardic minhag as well.</ref> For a discussion on the Ashkenazic minhag see [http://www.torahmusings.com/2014/01/may-multiple-people-say-kaddish-simultaneously/ Rabbi Aryeh Lebowitz]. Many Ashkenazim have adopted the Sephardic minhag.<ref>Chazon Ovadia citing Tzitz Eliezer 9:15:2 and Gesher Hachaim p. 333.</ref>
			## Priorities of Those Reciting Kaddish: Someone in shiva, someone in shloshim, someone in twelve months, the last day before he stops saying kaddish, Yehrzeit. Shiva is important because it is the time that the Hashem attribute of justice is felt and a person needs more mercy and merits. Shloshim is similar but less intense than shiva. Twelve months is similar but less intense. Yehrzeit is a day when the mazel of the deceased is detrimentally affected or because it is a chance to spiritual pleasure to a parent to protect them and atone for them. On the last day before a person stops saying Kaddish the minhag is to grant him all of the Kaddishim because he is giving off saying Kaddish for a month. He does not get precedence over someone in shloshim or Yehrzeit. He only has precedence over others in their twelve months.<ref>Biur Halacha 132</ref>
	# As to whether a woman may say kaddish, it depends on the minhag of each place.<ref>The Pitchei Teshuva 376:3 cites the Chavot Yair 222 as holding that theoretically women could say kaddish but it isn't the practice and shouldn't be encouraged. Rav Hershel Schachter (B'ikvei Hatzon p. 24 no. 5) quotes Rav Soloveitchik as saying that it depends on the minhag and would be okay in places where it is common, though he adds it may only be said in a place where there is a minyan of men. Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 1 p. 356) holds that a woman may not say it in shul but only at home after a minyan of men finishes learning. See Rav Yosef Eliyahu Henkin in [http://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?144269&pageid=P0019 Teshuvot Ivra Siman 6], Rav Moshe Feinstein in Iggerot Moshe, Vol. 8, O.C. 5:12b, Rav Yitzchak Yaakov Weiss in Minchat Yitzchak 4:30), and Rav Yehuda Henkin's [http://www.daat.ac.il/he-il/tfila/mitpalel/kadish-yetoma/henkin-legufo.htm brief overview of the history of the subject].		# As to whether a woman may say kaddish, it depends on the minhag of each place.<ref>The Pitchei Teshuva 376:3 cites the Chavot Yair 222 as holding that theoretically women could say kaddish but it isn't the practice and shouldn't be encouraged. Rav Hershel Schachter (B'ikvei Hatzon p. 24 no. 5) quotes Rav Soloveitchik as saying that it depends on the minhag and would be okay in places where it is common, though he adds it may only be said in a place where there is a minyan of men. Chazon Ovadia (Aveilut v. 1 p. 356) holds that a woman may not say it in shul but only at home after a minyan of men finishes learning. See Rav Yosef Eliyahu Henkin in [http://www.otzar.org/wotzar/book.aspx?144269&pageid=P0019 Teshuvot Ivra Siman 6], Rav Moshe Feinstein in Iggerot Moshe, Vol. 8, O.C. 5:12b, Rav Yitzchak Yaakov Weiss in Minchat Yitzchak 4:30), and Rav Yehuda Henkin's [http://www.daat.ac.il/he-il/tfila/mitpalel/kadish-yetoma/henkin-legufo.htm brief overview of the history of the subject].
	Additionally, see Rabbi Reuven Fink's article "The Recital of Kaddish by Women" in the		Additionally, see Rabbi Reuven Fink's article "The Recital of Kaddish by Women" in the

YitzchakSultan1: /* Kaddish Derabbanan */

2026-06-11T16:14:14Z

Kaddish Derabbanan

YitzchakSultan1: /* When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening */

2026-06-11T16:12:12Z

When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:12, 11 June 2026
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	# Kaddish Derabbanan is recited after learning Torah Shebaal Peh while a minyan is present.<ref>Magen Avraham 69:4 quotes the Lechem Chamudot who says that even if only three or two people are learning they can say Kaddish Derabbanan afterwards. Biur Halacha 155 s.v. veyikva writes that you can say Kaddish Derabbanan even if only one person was learning.</ref>		# Kaddish Derabbanan is recited after learning Torah Shebaal Peh while a minyan is present.<ref>Magen Avraham 69:4 quotes the Lechem Chamudot who says that even if only three or two people are learning they can say Kaddish Derabbanan afterwards. Biur Halacha 155 s.v. veyikva writes that you can say Kaddish Derabbanan even if only one person was learning.</ref>

			[[File:Timeline kaddish.png\|frameless\|right]]
	==When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening==		==When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening==
	# At Shacharit, Half Kaddish is recited after Pesukei Dzimra and Tachanun. Full Kaddish with Titkabel is said after Uva Letzion. Kaddish Yatom is recited after Aleinu.<ref>Levush 55:1 explains that since Shemona Esrei is a separate mitzvah it deserves a Kaddish after Tachanun. Aleinu includes pesukim and deserves a Kaddish afterwards. Additionally, Kaddish with Titkabel is always recited after Shemona Esrei. Mishna Brurah 55:2 and 132:10 cites this levush.</ref>		# At Shacharit, Half Kaddish is recited after Pesukei Dzimra and Tachanun. Full Kaddish with Titkabel is said after Uva Letzion. Kaddish Yatom is recited after Aleinu.<ref>Levush 55:1 explains that since Shemona Esrei is a separate mitzvah it deserves a Kaddish after Tachanun. Aleinu includes pesukim and deserves a Kaddish afterwards. Additionally, Kaddish with Titkabel is always recited after Shemona Esrei. Mishna Brurah 55:2 and 132:10 cites this levush.</ref>
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	## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Ashrei before Shemona Esrei of Mincha.		## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Ashrei before Shemona Esrei of Mincha.
	## Kaddish Titkabel: After Shemona Esrei of Mincha and Tachananun before Alenu.		## Kaddish Titkabel: After Shemona Esrei of Mincha and Tachananun before Alenu.
	## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Baruch Hashem L'olam before Shemona Esrei of Maariv.<ref>Levush 55:1 writes that there is a kaddish for finishing reciting psukim or Shemona Esrei which is a mitzvah in its own right. </ref>~~[[File:Timeline kaddish.png\|frameless]]~~		## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Baruch Hashem L'olam before Shemona Esrei of Maariv.<ref>Levush 55:1 writes that there is a kaddish for finishing reciting psukim or Shemona Esrei which is a mitzvah in its own right. </ref>

	==Who Should Say Kaddish==		==Who Should Say Kaddish==

YitzchakSultan1: /* When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening */

2026-06-11T16:11:41Z

When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening

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	## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Ashrei before Shemona Esrei of Mincha.		## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Ashrei before Shemona Esrei of Mincha.
	## Kaddish Titkabel: After Shemona Esrei of Mincha and Tachananun before Alenu.		## Kaddish Titkabel: After Shemona Esrei of Mincha and Tachananun before Alenu.
	## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Baruch Hashem L'olam before Shemona Esrei of Maariv.<ref>Levush 55:1 writes that there is a kaddish for finishing reciting psukim or Shemona Esrei which is a mitzvah in its own right. </ref>		## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Baruch Hashem L'olam before Shemona Esrei of Maariv.<ref>Levush 55:1 writes that there is a kaddish for finishing reciting psukim or Shemona Esrei which is a mitzvah in its own right. </ref>[[File:Timeline kaddish.png\|frameless]]

	==Who Should Say Kaddish==		==Who Should Say Kaddish==

YitzchakSultan1: /* When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening */

2026-06-11T15:54:22Z

When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening

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	## Half Kaddish: After Shemona Esrei, Tachananun or Hallel before Kriyat Hatorah or Ashrei.		## Half Kaddish: After Shemona Esrei, Tachananun or Hallel before Kriyat Hatorah or Ashrei.
	## Kaddish Titkabel: After Ashrei and Uva Letzion before Alenu or Shir Shel Yom.		## Kaddish Titkabel: After Ashrei and Uva Letzion before Alenu or Shir Shel Yom.
	## Kaddish Yatom: After Alenu.		## Kaddish Yatom: After Alenu.<ref>This Kaddish isn't part of the original 3 Kaddishim of Shacharit. The original 3 were after Psukei Dzimra, Tachanun, and Uva Letzion. Mishna Brurah 132:10 explains that Kaddish was designated for mourners to give a chance to mourners to recite Kaddish. Really the main time for a mourner to say Kaddish is when he's a Shaliach Tzibur and recites these 3 kaddishim for the congregation. However, not everyone is able to be the Shaliach Tzibur. To enable those people to be able to recite Kaddish for their loved ones who passed away, this Kaddish was added. </ref>
	## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Ashrei before Shemona Esrei of Mincha.		## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Ashrei before Shemona Esrei of Mincha.
	## Kaddish Titkabel: After Shemona Esrei of Mincha and Tachananun before Alenu.		## Kaddish Titkabel: After Shemona Esrei of Mincha and Tachananun before Alenu.

YitzchakSultan1 at 15:34, 11 June 2026

2026-06-11T15:34:22Z

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			Kaddish is a very lofty prayer in which we pray for the name of God to be exalted and increased in the world.<ref>Mekor Chaim 5 siman 79 p 421</ref>

	==5 Different Types of Kaddish==		==5 Different Types of Kaddish==
	# Half Kaddish (Chatzi Kaddish)--this is the shortest of all of the Kaddishes ending with the words "da'amiran bialma vi'imru amen." This Kaddish is recited as a break between different parts of the service.		# Half Kaddish (Chatzi Kaddish)--this is the shortest of all of the Kaddishes ending with the words "da'amiran bialma vi'imru amen." This Kaddish is recited as a break between different parts of the service.
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	==When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening==		==When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening==
	# At Shacharit, Half Kaddish is recited after Pesukei Dzimra, Tachanun~~, and after Aleinu~~. Full Kaddish with Titkabel is said after Uva Letzion.<ref>Levush 55:1 explains that since Shemona Esrei is a separate mitzvah it deserves a Kaddish after Tachanun. Aleinu includes pesukim and deserves a Kaddish afterwards. Additionally, Kaddish with Titkabel is always recited after Shemona Esrei. Mishna Brurah 55:2 and 132:10 cites this levush.</ref>		# At Shacharit, Half Kaddish is recited after Pesukei Dzimra and Tachanun. Full Kaddish with Titkabel is said after Uva Letzion. Kaddish Yatom is recited after Aleinu.<ref>Levush 55:1 explains that since Shemona Esrei is a separate mitzvah it deserves a Kaddish after Tachanun. Aleinu includes pesukim and deserves a Kaddish afterwards. Additionally, Kaddish with Titkabel is always recited after Shemona Esrei. Mishna Brurah 55:2 and 132:10 cites this levush.</ref>
	# At Mincha, Half Kaddish is recited after Ashrei and Full Kaddish after Tachanun.<ref>Levush 55:1 explains that there is Kaddish after Ashrei since it is a mitzvah to be said and Titkabel after Shemona Esrei. Mishna Brurah 55:2 writes that the kaddish after ashrei is like any kaddish after pesukim.</ref>		# At Mincha, Half Kaddish is recited after Ashrei and Full Kaddish after Tachanun.<ref>Levush 55:1 explains that there is Kaddish after Ashrei since it is a mitzvah to be said and Titkabel after Shemona Esrei. Mishna Brurah 55:2 writes that the kaddish after ashrei is like any kaddish after pesukim.</ref>
	# At Arvit, Half Kaddish is recited after Birchot Kriyat Shema.<ref>Levush 55:1</ref>		# At Arvit, Half Kaddish is recited after Birchot Kriyat Shema.<ref>Levush 55:1</ref>
			# Altogether that's 7 Kaddishim a day and all of them follow the recitation of psukim or a complete mitzvah:
			## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Psukei Dzimra before Yishtabach.
			## Half Kaddish: After Shemona Esrei, Tachananun or Hallel before Kriyat Hatorah or Ashrei.
			## Kaddish Titkabel: After Ashrei and Uva Letzion before Alenu or Shir Shel Yom.
			## Kaddish Yatom: After Alenu.
			## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Ashrei before Shemona Esrei of Mincha.
			## Kaddish Titkabel: After Shemona Esrei of Mincha and Tachananun before Alenu.
			## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Baruch Hashem L'olam before Shemona Esrei of Maariv.<ref>Levush 55:1 writes that there is a kaddish for finishing reciting psukim or Shemona Esrei which is a mitzvah in its own right. </ref>

	==Who Should Say Kaddish==		==Who Should Say Kaddish==

YitzchakSultan1: /* Proper Practices of the Congregation during Kaddish */

2026-02-16T01:54:52Z

Proper Practices of the Congregation during Kaddish

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	## It is a grievous sin to talk during Kaddish.<ref>Mishna Brurah 56:1</ref>		## It is a grievous sin to talk during Kaddish.<ref>Mishna Brurah 56:1</ref>
	## It is forbidden to learn even in one's mind during Kaddish. Instead a person should concentrate on the Kaddish.<Ref>Pri Chadash 68:1, Mishna Brurah 68:3, Mishna Brurah 56:1</ref>		## It is forbidden to learn even in one's mind during Kaddish. Instead a person should concentrate on the Kaddish.<Ref>Pri Chadash 68:1, Mishna Brurah 68:3, Mishna Brurah 56:1</ref>
	## It is forbidden to daven during the middle of Kaddish until the end of the Chatzi Kaddish.<ref>Rav Nevinsal in Byitzchak Yikareh 56:1 writes that it is permitted to daven quietly after they completed the part of Kaddish that is Chatzi Kaddish because the rest is only a minhag. (Halichot Chaim 1:80 p. 35 quotes Rav Chaim Kanievsky as saying that it is permitted to continue to daven pesukei dzimrah or the like and only answer amen and amen yehey shemey rabba.)</ref>		## It is forbidden to daven during the middle of Kaddish until the end of the Chatzi Kaddish.<ref>Rav Moshe Feinstein in Shemaytata Dmoshe (56:5, v. 1 p. 433) writes that a person should stop davening and listen to kaddish to answer amen. However, Rav Nevinsal in Byitzchak Yikareh 56:1 writes that it is permitted to daven quietly after they completed the part of Kaddish that is Chatzi Kaddish because the rest is only a minhag. (Halichot Chaim 1:80 p. 35 quotes Rav Chaim Kanievsky as saying that it is permitted to continue to daven pesukei dzimrah or the like and only answer amen and amen yehey shemey rabba.)</ref>
	## It is improper to fold one's tallit in the middle of Kaddish.<ref>Mishna Brurah 25:56</ref>		## It is improper to fold one's tallit in the middle of Kaddish.<ref>Mishna Brurah 25:56</ref>
	# Anyone who answers "[[Amen]], Yehey Sheme Rabba..." with all of his strength and kavana, will have any heavenly bad decree against him nullified.<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 15:5</ref>		# Anyone who answers "[[Amen]], Yehey Sheme Rabba..." with all of his strength and kavana, will have any heavenly bad decree against him nullified.<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 15:5</ref>

YitzchakSultan1: /* Practices of the Chazan during Kaddish */

2024-08-06T18:26:49Z

Practices of the Chazan during Kaddish

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	# The minhag is that the Chazan bows during Kaddish when he says the words:		# The minhag is that the Chazan bows during Kaddish when he says the words:
	## תתקבל		## תתקבל,
	## , יהא שמא רבא,		## יהא שמא רבא,
	## יתברך,		## יתברך,
	## בריך הוא,		## בריך הוא,

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:14, 11 June 2026
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	===Kaddish Derabbanan===		===Kaddish Derabbanan===
	# Kaddish Derabbanan is recited after learning Torah Shebaal Peh while a minyan is present.<ref>Magen Avraham 69:4 quotes the Lechem Chamudot who says that even if only three or two people are learning they can say Kaddish Derabbanan afterwards. Biur Halacha 155 s.v. veyikva writes that you can say Kaddish Derabbanan even if only one person was learning.</ref>		# Kaddish Derabbanan is recited after learning Torah Shebaal Peh while a minyan is present.<ref>Magen Avraham 69:4 quotes the Lechem Chamudot who says that even if only three or two people are learning they can say Kaddish Derabbanan afterwards. Biur Halacha 155 s.v. veyikva writes that you can say Kaddish Derabbanan even if only one person was learning.</ref>

	~~[[File:Timeline kaddish.png\|frameless\|right]]~~
	==When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening==		==When Kaddish is Reciting during Davening==
	# At Shacharit, Half Kaddish is recited after Pesukei Dzimra and Tachanun. Full Kaddish with Titkabel is said after Uva Letzion. Kaddish Yatom is recited after Aleinu.<ref>Levush 55:1 explains that since Shemona Esrei is a separate mitzvah it deserves a Kaddish after Tachanun. Aleinu includes pesukim and deserves a Kaddish afterwards. Additionally, Kaddish with Titkabel is always recited after Shemona Esrei. Mishna Brurah 55:2 and 132:10 cites this levush.</ref>		# At Shacharit, Half Kaddish is recited after Pesukei Dzimra and Tachanun. Full Kaddish with Titkabel is said after Uva Letzion. Kaddish Yatom is recited after Aleinu.<ref>Levush 55:1 explains that since Shemona Esrei is a separate mitzvah it deserves a Kaddish after Tachanun. Aleinu includes pesukim and deserves a Kaddish afterwards. Additionally, Kaddish with Titkabel is always recited after Shemona Esrei. Mishna Brurah 55:2 and 132:10 cites this levush.</ref>
	# At Mincha, Half Kaddish is recited after Ashrei and Full Kaddish after Tachanun.<ref>Levush 55:1 explains that there is Kaddish after Ashrei since it is a mitzvah to be said and Titkabel after Shemona Esrei. Mishna Brurah 55:2 writes that the kaddish after ashrei is like any kaddish after pesukim.</ref>		# At Mincha, Half Kaddish is recited after Ashrei and Full Kaddish after Tachanun.<ref>Levush 55:1 explains that there is Kaddish after Ashrei since it is a mitzvah to be said and Titkabel after Shemona Esrei. Mishna Brurah 55:2 writes that the kaddish after ashrei is like any kaddish after pesukim.</ref>
	# At Arvit, Half Kaddish is recited after Birchot Kriyat Shema.<ref>Levush 55:1</ref>		# At Arvit, Half Kaddish is recited after Birchot Kriyat Shema.<ref>Levush 55:1</ref>
	# Altogether that's 7 Kaddishim a day and all of them follow the recitation of psukim or a complete mitzvah:		# [[File:Timeline kaddish.png\|frameless\|right]]Altogether that's 7 Kaddishim a day and all of them follow the recitation of psukim or a complete mitzvah:
	## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Psukei Dzimra before Yishtabach.		## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Psukei Dzimra before Yishtabach.
	## Half Kaddish: After Shemona Esrei, Tachananun or Hallel before Kriyat Hatorah or Ashrei.		## Half Kaddish: After Shemona Esrei, Tachananun or Hallel before Kriyat Hatorah or Ashrei.
	## Kaddish Titkabel: After Ashrei and Uva Letzion before Alenu or Shir Shel Yom.		## Kaddish Titkabel: After Ashrei and Uva Letzion before Alenu or Shir Shel Yom.
	## Kaddish Yatom: After Alenu.<ref>This Kaddish isn't part of the original 3 Kaddishim of Shacharit. The original 3 were after Psukei Dzimra, Tachanun, and Uva Letzion. Mishna Brurah 132:10 explains that Kaddish was designated for mourners to give a chance to mourners to recite Kaddish. Really the main time for a mourner to say Kaddish is when he's a Shaliach Tzibur and recites these 3 kaddishim for the congregation. However, not everyone is able to be the Shaliach Tzibur. To enable those people to be able to recite Kaddish for their loved ones who passed away, this Kaddish was added. </ref>		## Kaddish Yatom: After Alenu.<ref>This Kaddish isn't part of the original 3 Kaddishim of Shacharit. The original 3 were after Psukei Dzimra, Tachanun, and Uva Letzion. Mishna Brurah 132:10 explains that Alenu also requires a Kaddish because it is a recitation of psukim. However, this Kaddish was designated for mourners to give a chance to mourners to recite Kaddish. Really the main time for a mourner to say Kaddish is when he's a Shaliach Tzibur and recites these 3 kaddishim for the congregation. However, not everyone is able to be the Shaliach Tzibur. To enable those people to be able to recite Kaddish for their loved ones who passed away, this Kaddish was added. </ref>
	## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Ashrei before Shemona Esrei of Mincha.		## Half Kaddish: After the psukim of Ashrei before Shemona Esrei of Mincha.
	## Kaddish Titkabel: After Shemona Esrei of Mincha and Tachananun before Alenu.		## Kaddish Titkabel: After Shemona Esrei of Mincha and Tachananun before Alenu.