Trumot and Maaserot - Revision history

NachiScheiner at 15:50, 26 December 2025

2025-12-26T15:50:18Z

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	Trumot (heave offerings) and Maaserot (tithes) are agricultural gifts for Kohanim and ~~Levi'im~~. ~~Untithed produce~~ is called Tevel. ~~The~~ owner ~~gives~~ a small portion ~~of his Tevel~~ as Trumah to a Kohen and ~~10% as~~ Maaser to a Levi, ~~who then gives~~ a portion of ~~their Maaser as Trumat Maaser~~ to a Kohen. ~~Additionally~~, the owner ~~also gives~~ either ~~10% of the remaining Tevel~~ to the poor (Maaser ~~Ani) or sets aside 10% to be~~ eaten in Jerusalem ~~(Maaser Sheini)~~.		Trumot (heave offerings) and Maaserot (tithes) are agricultural gifts designated for the Kohanim and Levi’im. Produce from which these gifts have not yet been separated is called Tevel. From his Tevel, the owner first separates a small portion as Trumah for a Kohen, and then gives Maaser Rishon—ten percent—to a Levi. The Levi, in turn, separates Trumat Maaser, a portion of his Ma‘aser, and gives it to a Kohen. After these separations, the owner sets aside an additional ten percent: either Maaser Ani, given to the poor in certain years, or Maaser Sheini, which is eaten in Jerusalem in other years.

	== General Rules of Trumah and Maaser ==		== General Rules of Trumah and Maaser ==

NachiScheiner at 14:16, 25 December 2025

2025-12-25T14:16:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:16, 25 December 2025
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	Trumot and Maaserot are agricultural gifts ~~designated~~ for Kohanim and Levi'im. ~~Produce that has yet to been tithed~~ is ~~known as~~ Tevel. The owner ~~takes~~ a small portion of ~~their~~ Tevel ~~produce~~ as Trumah to a Kohen and 10% as Maaser to a Levi~~. The Levi, in turn~~, gives a portion of their Maaser as Trumat Maaser to a Kohen. Additionally~~, depending on the year~~, the owner gives either 10% to the poor (Maaser Ani) or sets aside 10% to be eaten in Jerusalem (Maaser Sheini).		Trumot (heave offerings) and Maaserot (tithes) are agricultural gifts for Kohanim and Levi'im. Untithed produce is called Tevel. The owner gives a small portion of his Tevel as Trumah to a Kohen and 10% as Maaser to a Levi, who then gives a portion of their Maaser as Trumat Maaser to a Kohen. Additionally, the owner also gives either 10% of the remaining Tevel to the poor (Maaser Ani) or sets aside 10% to be eaten in Jerusalem (Maaser Sheini).

	== General Rules of Trumah and Maaser ==		== General Rules of Trumah and Maaser ==

YitzchakSultan1: /* Sources */

2025-07-24T18:12:27Z

Sources

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:12, 24 July 2025
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	* [[Trumah, Maaser Rishon, Maaser Sheni, Maaser Ani]]		* [[Trumah, Maaser Rishon, Maaser Sheni, Maaser Ani]]
	* [[Text for Separating Trumot and Maaserot]]		* [[Text for Separating Trumot and Maaserot]]

	~~==Sources==~~
	<references/>		<references/>
	[[Category:Land of Israel]]		[[Category:Land of Israel]]

YitzchakSultan1: /* The Obligation to Tithe */

2025-07-24T18:12:13Z

The Obligation to Tithe

Show changes

YitzchakSultan1: YitzchakSultan1 moved page Terumot and Maaserot to Trumot and Maaserot over redirect

2025-07-24T18:05:30Z

YitzchakSultan1 moved page Terumot and Maaserot to Trumot and Maaserot over redirect

← Older revision	Revision as of 18:05, 24 July 2025
(No difference)

YitzchakSultan1: /* The Obligation to Tithe */

2025-07-24T18:02:30Z

The Obligation to Tithe

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:02, 24 July 2025
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	==The Obligation to Tithe==		==The Obligation to Tithe==
	# Nowadays, in Eretz Yisrael,<ref>It is important to note that not all places in modern-day Israel have an equal obligation of to separate Trumot and Maaserot. Contrarily, there are places outside of modern-day Israel that do require a Trumot and Maaserot to be separated. The simple rule to keep in mind is that unless the location where the produce was grown is definetly outside of any halachic Israel (e.g Eilat) Trumot and Maaserot need to be separated out of doubt (Chazon Ish Shvi'it 3:18 quoted by Rav Moshe Vay in Kashrut Hamazon pg. 40; Mishpitei Haaretz pg. 44-45, citing many Achronim, states that despite Trumot and Maaserot being Rabbinic obligations, we are stringent in separating safeik tevel, though some disagree). For a more detailed list and description of the different places, see Mishpitei Haaretz pg. 44-51 and Derech Emunah to hilchot Trumot 1:7. </ref> taking Trumot and Maaserot is only Derabbanan.<ref>Rambam (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) writes that Terumot and Maaserot is only Derabbanan nowadays, while the Raavad (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) argues that the obligation is Deoryta. The Maggid Mishna (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) writes that most Rishonim hold like the Rambam including the Smag (Mitzvah Aseh #133), Sefer HaTerumah (Hilchot Eretz Yisrael pg 80b), Rashba (Yevamot 82b, Shevuot 16b), Ritva (Yevamot 82a), and Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 507). S”A Y”D 331:2 rules like the Rambam.		# Nowadays, in Eretz Yisrael,<ref>It is important to note that not all places in modern-day Israel have an equal obligation of to separate Trumot and Maaserot. Contrarily, there are places outside of modern-day Israel that do require a Trumot and Maaserot to be separated. The simple rule to keep in mind is that unless the location where the produce was grown is definetly outside of any halachic Israel (e.g Eilat) Trumot and Maaserot need to be separated out of doubt (Chazon Ish Shvi'it 3:18 quoted by

			Rav Moshe Vay in Kashrut Hamazon pg. 40; Mishpitei Haaretz pg. 44-45, citing many Achronim, states that despite Trumot and Maaserot being Rabbinic obligations, we are stringent in separating safeik tevel, though some disagree). For a more detailed list and description of the different places, see Mishpitei Haaretz pg. 44-51 and Derech Emunah to hilchot Trumot 1:7. </ref> taking Trumot and Maaserot is only Derabbanan.<ref>Rambam (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) writes that Terumot and Maaserot is only Derabbanan nowadays, while the Raavad (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) argues that the obligation is Deoryta. The Maggid Mishna (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) writes that most Rishonim hold like the Rambam including the Smag (Mitzvah Aseh #133), Sefer HaTerumah (Hilchot Eretz Yisrael pg 80b), Rashba (Yevamot 82b, Shevuot 16b), Ritva (Yevamot 82a), and Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 507). S”A Y”D 331:2 rules like the Rambam.

	*Rav Chaim Kanievsky (Derech Emunah Trumot 1:231 citing from the Chazon Ish) writes that the formative Halacha is that Trumot and Maaserot are only Rabbinic obligations. </ref>		*Rav Chaim Kanievsky (Derech Emunah Trumot 1:231 citing from the Chazon Ish) writes that the formative Halacha is that Trumot and Maaserot are only Rabbinic obligations. </ref>

YitzchakSultan1: /* Produce outside of Israel */

2025-07-24T18:01:45Z

Produce outside of Israel

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:01, 24 July 2025
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	# Nowadays, in Eretz Yisrael,<ref>It is important to note that not all places in modern-day Israel have an equal obligation of to separate Trumot and Maaserot. Contrarily, there are places outside of modern-day Israel that do require a Trumot and Maaserot to be separated. The simple rule to keep in mind is that unless the location where the produce was grown is definetly outside of any halachic Israel (e.g Eilat) Trumot and Maaserot need to be separated out of doubt (Chazon Ish Shvi'it 3:18 quoted by Rav Moshe Vay in Kashrut Hamazon pg. 40; Mishpitei Haaretz pg. 44-45, citing many Achronim, states that despite Trumot and Maaserot being Rabbinic obligations, we are stringent in separating safeik tevel, though some disagree). For a more detailed list and description of the different places, see Mishpitei Haaretz pg. 44-51 and Derech Emunah to hilchot Trumot 1:7. </ref> taking Trumot and Maaserot is only Derabbanan.<ref>Rambam (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) writes that Terumot and Maaserot is only Derabbanan nowadays, while the Raavad (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) argues that the obligation is Deoryta. The Maggid Mishna (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) writes that most Rishonim hold like the Rambam including the Smag (Mitzvah Aseh #133), Sefer HaTerumah (Hilchot Eretz Yisrael pg 80b), Rashba (Yevamot 82b, Shevuot 16b), Ritva (Yevamot 82a), and Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 507). S”A Y”D 331:2 rules like the Rambam.		# Nowadays, in Eretz Yisrael,<ref>It is important to note that not all places in modern-day Israel have an equal obligation of to separate Trumot and Maaserot. Contrarily, there are places outside of modern-day Israel that do require a Trumot and Maaserot to be separated. The simple rule to keep in mind is that unless the location where the produce was grown is definetly outside of any halachic Israel (e.g Eilat) Trumot and Maaserot need to be separated out of doubt (Chazon Ish Shvi'it 3:18 quoted by Rav Moshe Vay in Kashrut Hamazon pg. 40; Mishpitei Haaretz pg. 44-45, citing many Achronim, states that despite Trumot and Maaserot being Rabbinic obligations, we are stringent in separating safeik tevel, though some disagree). For a more detailed list and description of the different places, see Mishpitei Haaretz pg. 44-51 and Derech Emunah to hilchot Trumot 1:7. </ref> taking Trumot and Maaserot is only Derabbanan.<ref>Rambam (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) writes that Terumot and Maaserot is only Derabbanan nowadays, while the Raavad (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) argues that the obligation is Deoryta. The Maggid Mishna (Hilchot Terumot 1:26) writes that most Rishonim hold like the Rambam including the Smag (Mitzvah Aseh #133), Sefer HaTerumah (Hilchot Eretz Yisrael pg 80b), Rashba (Yevamot 82b, Shevuot 16b), Ritva (Yevamot 82a), and Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 507). S”A Y”D 331:2 rules like the Rambam.

	Rav Chaim Kanievsky (Derech Emunah Trumot 1:231 citing from the Chazon Ish) writes that the formative Halacha is that Trumot and Maaserot are only Rabbinic obligations. </ref>		*Rav Chaim Kanievsky (Derech Emunah Trumot 1:231 citing from the Chazon Ish) writes that the formative Halacha is that Trumot and Maaserot are only Rabbinic obligations. </ref>
	##Some are of the opinion that if majority of the Jewish people live in Eretz Yisrael then Trumot and Maaserot are Biblical.<ref>Rambam Trumot 1:26 writes that the biblical status of Trumot and Maaserot is dependent on Bi'at Kulchem, the coming of all the people of Bnei Yisrael (learned out from the obligation to separate Challah; see Radvaz and Kesef Mishnah Ad. Loc. who discuss why the Rambam saw fit to compare Trumot and Maaserot to Challah). The Sefer Hachinuch (mitzvah 385) clarifies that the coming of all of Bnei Yisrael isn't required, rather only majority.		##Some are of the opinion that if majority of the Jewish people live in Eretz Yisrael then Trumot and Maaserot are Biblical.<ref>Rambam Trumot 1:26 writes that the biblical status of Trumot and Maaserot is dependent on Bi'at Kulchem, the coming of all the people of Bnei Yisrael (learned out from the obligation to separate Challah; see Radvaz and Kesef Mishnah Ad. Loc. who discuss why the Rambam saw fit to compare Trumot and Maaserot to Challah). The Sefer Hachinuch (mitzvah 385) clarifies that the coming of all of Bnei Yisrael isn't required, rather only majority.

NachiScheiner: /* Trumah */

2025-07-23T23:38:49Z

Trumah

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:38, 23 July 2025
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	== Trumah ==		== Trumah ==

			# Trumah is the first of the tithes separated<ref>Mishnah Trumot 3:7; Rambam Trumot 3:23; Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 331:19; Mishpitei Aretz 11:1. </ref> and it is given to a Kohen.<ref>Devarim 18:4; Rambam Trumot 2:14; Shulchan Aruch 331:19; Mishpitei Aretz 11:1.</ref> Nowadays when all the Kohanim are Tamei Meit (lit. impurity from a dead body) and can't eat Trumah there is no obligation to give it to them.
			## Some are of the opinion that Trumah oil should be given to Kohanim for them to burn for their own use.
			# Any amount separated is sufficient to fulfill the obligation of Trumah.

	==Sources==		==Sources==
	<references/>		<references/>
	[[Category:Land of Israel]]		[[Category:Land of Israel]]

NachiScheiner: /* Who Can Separate? */

2025-07-23T18:05:25Z

Who Can Separate?

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:05, 23 July 2025
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	[There is an opinion of the Ketzot Hachoshen 243:8 who disagrees; see Derech Emunah Biur Halacha Ad. Loc. who discusses it at legnth].</ref>		[There is an opinion of the Ketzot Hachoshen 243:8 who disagrees; see Derech Emunah Biur Halacha Ad. Loc. who discusses it at legnth].</ref>
	#One may separate Trumot and Maaserot from one's own produce on behalf of a friend's produce.<ref>Rambam Trumot 4:2; Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 331:30; Mishpitei Aretz 9:4. However, there is the opinion of the Maharit Algazi (Bechorot 1:7, cited in Derech Emunah Trumot 4:2 si'if katan 19) who writes that the separation is only effective if the owner acquiesces afterwards [see Derech Emunah Ibid., Tziyun Halacha 74].</ref> A bracha is recited in such a case.<ref>See Derech Emunah, Biur Halacha Trumot pg.116 who discusses this issue. He seems to conclude that the common custom is to recite a bracha even when the mitzvah is being performed through the mechanism of zachin. This is also the policy of the OU ([https://oukosher.org/content/uploads/2013/02/Daf-12-3.pdf OU Challah Policy)] regarding separating challah through the mechanism of zachin.</ref>		#One may separate Trumot and Maaserot from one's own produce on behalf of a friend's produce.<ref>Rambam Trumot 4:2; Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 331:30; Mishpitei Aretz 9:4. However, there is the opinion of the Maharit Algazi (Bechorot 1:7, cited in Derech Emunah Trumot 4:2 si'if katan 19) who writes that the separation is only effective if the owner acquiesces afterwards [see Derech Emunah Ibid., Tziyun Halacha 74].</ref> A bracha is recited in such a case.<ref>See Derech Emunah, Biur Halacha Trumot pg.116 who discusses this issue. He seems to conclude that the common custom is to recite a bracha even when the mitzvah is being performed through the mechanism of zachin. This is also the policy of the OU ([https://oukosher.org/content/uploads/2013/02/Daf-12-3.pdf OU Challah Policy)] regarding separating challah through the mechanism of zachin.</ref>
	# A minor cannot separate Trumot and Maaserot, even from their own produce.		# A minor cannot separate Trumot and Maaserot, even from their own produce.<ref>Rambam Trumot 4:2; Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 331:30; Mishpitei Aretz 9:9 (see 9:10-11 with regards to the case of ''mufla samuch l'ish'' i.e a boy who is 12 years old).</ref>

			== Trumah ==

	==Sources==		==Sources==
	<references/>		<references/>
	[[Category:Land of Israel]]		[[Category:Land of Israel]]

NachiScheiner: /* Who Can Separate? */

2025-07-23T13:01:19Z

Who Can Separate?

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:01, 23 July 2025
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	# Only the owner may separate Trumot and Maaserot from his produce.<ref>Mishnah Trumot 1:1; Rambam Trumot 4:1; Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 331:30. </ref>		# Only the owner may separate Trumot and Maaserot from his produce.<ref>Mishnah Trumot 1:1; Rambam Trumot 4:1; Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 331:30. </ref>
	## Adult family members living with and supported by the owner may separate the household produce, even without explicit permission.<ref>See Rambam Trumot 4:12; Mishpitei Aretz 9:6 fn. 7 citing from Rav Nissim Karelitz and Rav Elyashiv. </ref>		## Adult family members living with and supported by the owner may separate the household produce, even without explicit permission.<ref>See Rambam Trumot 4:12; Mishpitei Aretz 9:6 fn. 7 citing from Rav Nissim Karelitz and Rav Elyashiv. </ref>
	## A guest may separate from his individual portion of food, even without permission from his host.		## A guest may separate from his individual portion of food, even without permission from his host.<ref>Yerushalmi Demai 7:1; Chazon Ish Demai 9:22; Mishpitei Aretz 9:8.

			If, however, one knows that the host specifically does not want him to separate Trumot and Maaserot, see Mishpitei Aretz Ibid. fn. 13.</ref>
	#One may appoint a messenger to separate Trumot and Maaserot from his produce.<ref>Rambam Trumot 4:1; Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 331:29; Mishpitei Aretz 9:1.</ref>		#One may appoint a messenger to separate Trumot and Maaserot from his produce.<ref>Rambam Trumot 4:1; Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 331:29; Mishpitei Aretz 9:1.</ref>
	##The owner can also explicitly allow someone to separate from any future produce acquired.<ref>The Trumat Hadeshen (188, cited also in Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 328) writes that a person may separate Challah if they have pre-existing permission. Although this permission doesn't transform them into a shliach, there's a halchic concept known as ''zachin'' (acquiring on behalf of someone else) which enables a person to act in favor of his fellow. Therefore, if the owner expresses his will for his fellow to spearate Trumot and Maaserot on his behalf, then the fellow through ''zachin'' may do so. This is the halachic conclusion of Rav Chaim Kanievsky (Derech Emunah Trumot, Biur Halacha 4:1 at the end citing from the Chazon Ish) and Mishpitei Aretz 9:5 conclude in accordance with this opinion. This is the common practice of many Kashrut organizations, enabling the Mashgichim to separate Challah/Trumot and Maaserot from the owners dough/produce (see [https://oukosher.org/content/uploads/2013/02/Daf-12-3.pdf OU policy regarding Challah]; see Mishpitei Aretz chap. 9 fn. 9 who contends that maybe by businesses with non-shomer Torah u'Mitzvos owners this isn't the case).		##The owner can also explicitly allow someone to separate from any future produce acquired.<ref>The Trumat Hadeshen (188, cited also in Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 328) writes that a person may separate Challah if they have pre-existing permission. Although this permission doesn't transform them into a shliach, there's a halchic concept known as ''zachin'' (acquiring on behalf of someone else) which enables a person to act in favor of his fellow. Therefore, if the owner expresses his will for his fellow to spearate Trumot and Maaserot on his behalf, then the fellow through ''zachin'' may do so. This is the halachic conclusion of Rav Chaim Kanievsky (Derech Emunah Trumot, Biur Halacha 4:1 at the end citing from the Chazon Ish) and Mishpitei Aretz 9:5 conclude in accordance with this opinion. This is the common practice of many Kashrut organizations, enabling the Mashgichim to separate Challah/Trumot and Maaserot from the owners dough/produce (see [https://oukosher.org/content/uploads/2013/02/Daf-12-3.pdf OU policy regarding Challah]; see Mishpitei Aretz chap. 9 fn. 9 who contends that maybe by businesses with non-shomer Torah u'Mitzvos owners this isn't the case).