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Animals on Shabbat: Difference between revisions
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==Playing with a Pet== | ==Playing with a Pet== | ||
# Moving an animal is forbidden because of [[Muktzah]].<ref> Shulchan Aruch 308:39, Shulchan Aruch Harav 308:78, the Gemara in [[Shabbos]] 128b states that animals are [[muktzeh]]. [[Maggid]] Mishneh on Rambam Hilchot [[Shabbat]] 25:25 says that since they have no use they are in the category of [[muktzeh]] machmat gufo. This is the explanation of the Beit Yosef OC 308: "kofin", and Mishna Brurah 308:146. Iggros Moshe OC 4:16 (see however Iggerot Moshe 5:22:21), R' Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shmiras [[Shabbos]] K'hilchasa 27 - see footnote 96), and R' Ovadia Yosef (Yabiah Omer 5:26) concur. Mishna Brurah 308:146 adds that this would be true even if not moving the animal would cause financial loss. </ref> Some poskim permit moving a pet that can be used to quiet a child such as a domesticated pet. <ref>Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 383, Orchot [[Shabbat]] 19:124, Daat Torah 308:39, Kaf Hachaim 308:235, Rav Moshe Feinstein (Tiltulei Shabbat p. 118), and Shulchan Aruch Harav 308:78 | # Moving an animal is forbidden because of [[Muktzah]].<ref> Shulchan Aruch 308:39, Shulchan Aruch Harav 308:78, the Gemara in [[Shabbos]] 128b states that animals are [[muktzeh]]. [[Maggid]] Mishneh on Rambam Hilchot [[Shabbat]] 25:25 says that since they have no use they are in the category of [[muktzeh]] machmat gufo. This is the explanation of the Beit Yosef OC 308: "kofin", and Mishna Brurah 308:146. Iggros Moshe OC 4:16 (see however Iggerot Moshe 5:22:21), R' Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (Shmiras [[Shabbos]] K'hilchasa 27 - see footnote 96), and R' Ovadia Yosef (Yabiah Omer 5:26) concur. Mishna Brurah 308:146 adds that this would be true even if not moving the animal would cause financial loss. </ref> Some poskim permit moving a pet that can be used to quiet a child such as a domesticated pet. <ref>Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 383, Shemirat Shabbat Kehilchata 27:27, Orchot [[Shabbat]] 19:124 v. 2 p. 59, Daat Torah 308:39, Kaf Hachaim 308:235, Rav Moshe Feinstein (Tiltulei Shabbat p. 118), and Shulchan Aruch Harav 308:78 consider pets to be muktzeh. Tosafot [[Shabbat]] 45b "hacha", Mordechai [[Shabbat]] 316 and Hagahot Ashri on Rosh, [[Shabbat]] 3:21 all cite those who are lenient for this, but themselves are stringent. Rosh quoted in Maharach Or Zarua 82 is also stringent. | ||
<br /> However, Sh"t Halachot Ketanot 45 is lenient and Sh"t Merosh Tzurim 38:6 quotes that Rav Mordechai Eliyahu was lenient as well as the opinion of Rav Aharon Lichtenstein that one shouldn't admonish those who are lenient though proper conduct would be to be stringent. Shulchan Shlomo vol. 2, 308:74 is also lenient. See also Iggerot Moshe 5:22:21 where is strict but the editor adds a comment that is lenient. See [http://www.daat.ac.il/daat/english/halacha/jachter_1.htm Rabbi Jachter's article here] regarding the whole issue.</ref> Touching however, is permitted (as with all other [[muktzeh]] items). <ref> Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 383 </ref> | <br /> However, Sh"t Halachot Ketanot 45 is lenient and Sh"t Merosh Tzurim 38:6 quotes that Rav Mordechai Eliyahu was lenient as well as the opinion of Rav Aharon Lichtenstein that one shouldn't admonish those who are lenient though proper conduct would be to be stringent. Shulchan Shlomo vol. 2, 308:74 is also lenient. See also Iggerot Moshe 5:22:21 where is strict but the editor adds a comment that is lenient. See [http://www.daat.ac.il/daat/english/halacha/jachter_1.htm Rabbi Jachter's article here] regarding the whole issue.</ref> Touching however, is permitted (as with all other [[muktzeh]] items). <ref> Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 2 pg. 383 </ref> | ||
# According to some poskim, if the animal is in a cage or tank, then the whole cage or tank becomes [[muktzeh]] as a base for the [[muktzeh]] animals themselves. <ref> Yabia Omer OC 5:26, [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipDate=6/24/2008 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref> Others disagree. <ref> Shemirat [[Shabbat]] kihilchatah 18:footnote 62, 27:footnote 96 </ref> | # According to some poskim, if the animal is in a cage or tank, then the whole cage or tank becomes [[muktzeh]] as a base for the [[muktzeh]] animals themselves. <ref> Yabia Omer OC 5:26, [http://www.dailyhalacha.com/Display.asp?ClipDate=6/24/2008 Rabbi Eli Mansour] </ref> Others disagree. <ref> Shemirat [[Shabbat]] kihilchatah 18:footnote 62, 27:footnote 96 </ref> | ||
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# One is permitted to move a pet to alleviate its suffering. <ref> Sh"t Yabia Omer 5:26. See Chazon Ish 52:16 who permits for tzaar baalei chayim and a concern of a loss. Az Nidbaru 1:79:110 explains that the Chazon Ish was only lenient when both factors apply. Although Magen Avraham 305:11 says that the laws of [[muktzeh]] aren't waived for tzaar baalei chayim, Eliya Rabba 305:18 disagrees. Shulchan Aruch Harav 305:26 says that one can be lenient if it will cause great loss. Mishna Brurah 305:70 quotes both opinions and concludes that one can surely make use of a non-Jew to move it in such a situation. See also Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchita 27:28 and 30 and footnote 98 </ref> | # One is permitted to move a pet to alleviate its suffering. <ref> Sh"t Yabia Omer 5:26. See Chazon Ish 52:16 who permits for tzaar baalei chayim and a concern of a loss. Az Nidbaru 1:79:110 explains that the Chazon Ish was only lenient when both factors apply. Although Magen Avraham 305:11 says that the laws of [[muktzeh]] aren't waived for tzaar baalei chayim, Eliya Rabba 305:18 disagrees. Shulchan Aruch Harav 305:26 says that one can be lenient if it will cause great loss. Mishna Brurah 305:70 quotes both opinions and concludes that one can surely make use of a non-Jew to move it in such a situation. See also Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchita 27:28 and 30 and footnote 98 </ref> | ||
# It is forbidden to place something on an animal or remove it from an animal on [[Shabbat]], nor may one lean on an animal on [[Shabbat]].<ref> 39 Melachot (vol 3, pg 301) based on Shulchan Aruch 305:8, 18 </ref> | # It is forbidden to place something on an animal or remove it from an animal on [[Shabbat]], nor may one lean on an animal on [[Shabbat]].<ref> 39 Melachot (vol 3, pg 301) based on Shulchan Aruch 305:8, 18 </ref> | ||
# Moving muktzeh in a slight fashion, moving part of it without moving it completely, is forbidden. <ref>The Ran 51b writes that moving an item in a slight fashion (Tiltul Bmiksat) is forbidden. See Eliya Rabba 311:23. Bet Yosef 308:40 quotes this as the halacha. Pri Megadim M"Z 336:4 and Mishna Brurah 308:151 agree.</ref> Therefore, some say that it is forbidden to pet an animal on Shabbat.<ref>Sheilat Shlomo 1:172</ref> Others are lenient.<ref>Shulchan Aruch 302:11 writes that it is permitted to wipe one’s dirty hands on a horse tail. Biur Halacha quotes the Tosefet Shabbat who is bothered that it is moving muktzeh. Biur Halacha answers that perhaps the hair isn’t part of the animal itself and isn’t muktzeh. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (v. 3 ch. 27 fnt. 53) suggested that the hair isn’t muktzeh since it is designated for using to clean one’s hands. Rav Nevinsal in Byitzchak Yikareh 302:11 echoes this idea.</ref> | |||
==Trapping Animals on Shabbat== | ==Trapping Animals on Shabbat== | ||
