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Brachot on Sights: Difference between revisions
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==Bracha for seeing Glamorously Rebuilt Jewish Settlements== | ==Bracha for seeing Glamorously Rebuilt Jewish Settlements== | ||
# Though the Gemara says that one may recite the Bracha "Matziv Gevul Almanah" upon seeing settled Jewish communities, many contemporary Poskim advise leaving out Hashem's name, due to the variety of opinions regarding the required conditions. Still, a number of Poskim permit reciting the Bracha in Eretz Yisrael.<ref>Berachot 58b, Shulchan Aruch 224:10. Rav Chaim David HaLevi (vol 4 Siman 5) does not allow one to recite the Berach ever with Shem uMalchut; Rav Mordechai Eliyahu (Ma'amar Mordechai vol. 3 Kedushat HaAretz Siman 3) seems to hold that way, as well. Similarly, Rav David Yosef (Halacha Berurah 224:21) recommends one say it bli shem umalchut upon seeing fine homes and synagogues, either in Eretz Yisrael or Chutz LaAretz, as a Chumra for Rashi's shitah that it's only BaZeman HaBayit. However, Piskei Teshuvot (224:9) concedes that one who does recite the Beracha on glamorous Batei Kenesiot and Batei Midrashot in Eretz Yisrael isn't out of line. See Mishneh Halachot 10:75. | # Though the Gemara says that one may recite the Bracha "Matziv Gevul Almanah" upon seeing settled Jewish communities, many contemporary Poskim advise leaving out Hashem's name, due to the variety of opinions regarding the required conditions. Still, a number of Poskim permit reciting the Bracha in Eretz Yisrael.<ref>Berachot 58b, Shulchan Aruch 224:10. Rav Chaim David HaLevi (vol 4 Siman 5) does not allow one to recite the Berach ever with Shem uMalchut; Rav Mordechai Eliyahu (Ma'amar Mordechai vol. 3 Kedushat HaAretz Siman 3) seems to hold that way, as well. Similarly, Rav David Yosef (Halacha Berurah 224:21) recommends one say it bli shem umalchut upon seeing fine homes and synagogues, either in Eretz Yisrael or Chutz LaAretz, as a Chumra for Rashi's shitah that it's only BaZeman HaBayit. However, Piskei Teshuvot (224:9) concedes that one who does recite the Beracha on glamorous Batei Kenesiot and Batei Midrashot in Eretz Yisrael isn't out of line. [https://www.ykr.org.il/question/17171 Rav Meir Mazuz] might also be lenient. See Mishneh Halachot 10:75. | ||
[ | [http://www.srugim.co.il/95578-%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%91-%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95-%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9A-%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%91-%D7%92%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C-%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%94-%D7%91%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%AA-%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%94 Rav David Lau] recited the bracha in front of Rav Dov Lior when the community of Asa'el a few years back grew and officially installed Rav Meir Bareli as rabbi. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=38HOftf9DSw HaRav Hershel Schachter] recited the Beracha when visiting Yeshivat Elon Moreh, and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gashsmxl1IU Rav Eliezer Melamed] did when speaking in Yeshivat HaGolan. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AAVIg694XTc Rav Dov Lior] and [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JEwWdse0F8g Rav Chaim Druckman] have also done so on similar occasions. | ||
The aforementioned Rav Meir Bareli himself wrote an article in [ | The aforementioned Rav Meir Bareli himself wrote an article in [https://www.machonso.org/hamaayan/?gilayon=19&id=799 HaMaayan (Tishri 5771, 51-1, page 39)] on this very topic. See R' Melamed's [https://www.yeshiva.org.il/midrash/8523 article] and [http://ph.yhb.org.il/10-15-22/ Peninei Halacha], as well as [https://www.toraland.org.il/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%94-%D7%95%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%94/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA-%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%91-%D7%92%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C-%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%94/ R' Yehuda Amichai's article] for more. | ||
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# It is a mitzvah to go and see rulers and kings, whether they are Jewish or non-Jewish.<Ref>The Gemara Brachot (9b, 19b, 58a) explains that a person should endeavor to see kings so that if he merits he will be able to distinguish between a regular king and Mashiach. Rambam (Avel 3:14) and Shulchan Aruch 224:4 codify this.</ref> Nonetheless, one shouldn't waste time from learning to do so unless the king came with special pome and grandeur.<ref> Mishna Brurah 224:13</ref> | # It is a mitzvah to go and see rulers and kings, whether they are Jewish or non-Jewish.<Ref>The Gemara Brachot (9b, 19b, 58a) explains that a person should endeavor to see kings so that if he merits he will be able to distinguish between a regular king and Mashiach. Rambam (Avel 3:14) and Shulchan Aruch 224:4 codify this.</ref> Nonetheless, one shouldn't waste time from learning to do so unless the king came with special pome and grandeur.<ref> Mishna Brurah 224:13</ref> | ||
# Upon seeing a Jewish king one should recite '''ברוך אתה ה' אלוקינו מלך העולם שחלק מכבודו ליראיו''' (Baruch... Shechalak Mikvodo Liyireav). <ref> [[Berachot]] 58a, Shulchan Aruch 224:8 </ref> | # Upon seeing a Jewish king one should recite '''ברוך אתה ה' אלוקינו מלך העולם שחלק מכבודו ליראיו''' (Baruch... Shechalak Mikvodo Liyireav). <ref> [[Berachot]] 58a, Shulchan Aruch 224:8 </ref> | ||
# Upon seeing a non-Jewish king one should recite '''ברוך אתה ה' אלוקינו מלך העולם שחלק מכבודו לבשר ודם''' (Baruch... Shenatan Mikvodo | # Upon seeing a non-Jewish king one should recite '''ברוך אתה ה' אלוקינו מלך העולם שחלק מכבודו לבשר ודם''' (Baruch... Shenatan Mikvodo LeBasar vaDam). <ref> [[Berachot]] 58a, Shulchan Aruch 224:8 </ref> | ||
# It is questionable if nowadays one should make this Beracha for seeing a king, queen, president, or prime minister, and therefore one should only make this Bracha without [[Shem UMalchut]]. <Ref> | # It is questionable if nowadays one should make this Beracha for seeing a king, queen, president, or prime minister, and therefore one should only make this Bracha without [[Shem UMalchut]]. <Ref> | ||
* How much power does the ruler have to have in order to make the Bracha upon seeing him? Rav Ovadia Yosef Yechave Daat 2:28 cites the Radvaz 1:296 as well as the Orchot Chaim [[Berachot]] 49 that say that this beracha is recited on any monarch with enough power to execute or pardon from execution. Halacha Brurah 224:14 writes that one makes the Bracha (with [[Shem UMalchut]]) on a king of a country even if he is democratically elected and even if he is only ruler for a term as long as there isn’t a another figure above him that can nullify his decision such as if his decisions don’t need to be approved by parliament. Halacha Brurah mentions specically if the ruler has the power to pardon someone sentenced to death or declare war against another country then one may make the Bracha on that king with [[Shem UMalchut]]. | * How much power does the ruler have to have in order to make the Bracha upon seeing him? Rav Ovadia Yosef Yechave Daat 2:28 cites the Radvaz 1:296 as well as the Orchot Chaim [[Berachot]] 49 that say that this beracha is recited on any monarch with enough power to execute or pardon from execution. Halacha Brurah 224:14 writes that one makes the Bracha (with [[Shem UMalchut]]) on a king of a country even if he is democratically elected and even if he is only ruler for a term as long as there isn’t a another figure above him that can nullify his decision such as if his decisions don’t need to be approved by parliament. Halacha Brurah mentions specically if the ruler has the power to pardon someone sentenced to death or declare war against another country then one may make the Bracha on that king with [[Shem UMalchut]]. | ||
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==Bracha for seeing a cemetery== | ==Bracha for seeing a cemetery== | ||
# For seeing a Jewish cemetery the Bracha is Baruch Atta… | # For seeing a Jewish cemetery the Bracha is Baruch Atta… Asher Yatzer Etchem…Mechaye Maytim. ''ברוך אתה ה' אלוקינו מלך העולם, אשר יצר אתכם בדין ודן אתכם בדין וכלכל אתכם בדין והחיה אתכם בדין, ואסף אתכם בדין, ויודע מספר כולכם, ועתיד להחיותכם ולהקימכם בדין לחיי העולם הבא, ברוך אתה ה' מחיה המתים'' <ref> S”A 224:12, Mishna Brurah 224:17, Piskei Teshuvot 224:10, Yalkut Yosef (vol 3 pg 604), Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 60:11 </ref> Some say that this beracha should not be said with Hashem's name. <ref> BI"H, Ekev, 15 </ref> This Bracha can be made for seeing it through glass and so if one see a cemetery from a car while driving one can make this Bracha. <Ref> Piskei Teshuvot 224:10, Yalkut Yosef (vol 3 pg 605) </ref> Some say that one may make the Bracha even after leaving the sight as long as one is still effected and impacted by it. <ref>Halichot Shlomo 23:26 (in the footnote) writes that if one didn't make the bracha immediately upon seeing the Jewish cemetery, one may make the bracha as long as the sight effects oneself. </ref> | ||
==Bracha for seeing a friend== | ==Bracha for seeing a friend== | ||
