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Electricity on Shabbat: Difference between revisions

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Rabbi Yitzchak Schmelkes Beit Yitzchak Hashmatot YD 2:31 asserts that talking into the phone is also a problem of making a noise, or hashmaat kol. [[Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Auerbach]] Minchat Shlomo page 67 and Rabbi Eliezer Waldenberg Tzitz Eliezer 1:20:10 both disagree based on the Rama 338:1 where he rules that the prohibition of making a noise doesn't apply when this is done through a human voice. Since talking into the phone increases the electrical current being used, Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Weiss Minchat Yitzchak 3:38 and 3:60 prohibits based on that. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach MInchat Shlomo page 110 says the increase in current is not a problem in appliances where heat is not created</ref>  
Rabbi Yitzchak Schmelkes Beit Yitzchak Hashmatot YD 2:31 asserts that talking into the phone is also a problem of making a noise, or hashmaat kol. [[Rabbi Shlomo Zalman Auerbach]] Minchat Shlomo page 67 and Rabbi Eliezer Waldenberg Tzitz Eliezer 1:20:10 both disagree based on the Rama 338:1 where he rules that the prohibition of making a noise doesn't apply when this is done through a human voice. Since talking into the phone increases the electrical current being used, Rabbi Yitzchak Yaakov Weiss Minchat Yitzchak 3:38 and 3:60 prohibits based on that. Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach MInchat Shlomo page 110 says the increase in current is not a problem in appliances where heat is not created</ref>  
# Some say it is a good practice to unplug the phone before [[Shabbat]] so that if someone calls on [[Shabbat]] one won't hear it ring. <ref>Menuchat Ahava 24:10 </ref>
# Some say it is a good practice to unplug the phone before [[Shabbat]] so that if someone calls on [[Shabbat]] one won't hear it ring. <ref>Menuchat Ahava 24:10 </ref>
# Someone who's hard of hearing may use a hearing aid which was turned off before [[Shabbat]]. It's proper to attached a piece of scotch tape on the button so one doesn't come to turn it off on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Menuchat Ahava 24:11, Sh"t Yabia Omer 1:19(19), Minchat Yitzchak 2:17-8, 3:41, Minchat Shlomo 1:9, Tzitz Eliezer 6:6, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kihilchita 34:28</ref>
# It is forbidden to speak into a tape recorder even if the recorder was turned on before [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Menuchat Ahava 24:13, Yechave Da'at 2.57 </ref>
# It is forbidden to speak into a tape recorder even if the recorder was turned on before [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Menuchat Ahava 24:13, Yechave Da'at 2.57 </ref>
# It is permitted to use an electric blanket on [[shabbat]], provided one does not move the knob that adjusts it.  It is proper to place scotch tape on top of the knob in order to prevent oneself from accidentally adjusting the blanket on [[shabbat]]. <ref> Igrot Moshe 3.50, Menuchat Ahava 1.24.37, Yechave Da'at 2.49 </ref>
# It is permitted to use an electric blanket on [[shabbat]], provided one does not move the knob that adjusts it.  It is proper to place scotch tape on top of the knob in order to prevent oneself from accidentally adjusting the blanket on [[shabbat]]. <ref> Igrot Moshe 3.50, Menuchat Ahava 1.24.37, Yechave Da'at 2.49 </ref>
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# If someone has a grama system (for example [http://www.zomet.org.il/eng/?CategoryID=251&ArticleID=115 Zomet's grama alarm]) set up so that when the door is closed a mechanism will close an alarm system after some time, according to some poskim it is permitted to use it for a significant need.<ref>Minchat Shlomo 2:60:20</ref>
# If someone has a grama system (for example [http://www.zomet.org.il/eng/?CategoryID=251&ArticleID=115 Zomet's grama alarm]) set up so that when the door is closed a mechanism will close an alarm system after some time, according to some poskim it is permitted to use it for a significant need.<ref>Minchat Shlomo 2:60:20</ref>
Many poskim would permit closing a door that sets up an alarm system that only go off after some time as it is considered grama.
Many poskim would permit closing a door that sets up an alarm system that only go off after some time as it is considered grama.
===Hearing Aids and Microphones===
# Someone who's hard of hearing may use a hearing aid which was turned on before [[Shabbat]]. It's proper to attached a piece of scotch tape on the button so one doesn't come to turn it off on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Menuchat Ahava 24:11, Sh"t Yabia Omer 1:19(19), Minchat Yitzchak 2:17-8, 3:41, Minchat Shlomo 1:9, Tzitz Eliezer 6:6, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kihilchita 34:28</ref>
# It is permitted to use a hearing aid on Shabbat even if it automatically adjusts the volume depending on the loudness of the environment.<ref>Rav Asher Weiss in Minchat Asher 1:31:1 writes that using hearing aids which automatically adjust depending on your surrounding. In a quiet place it amplifies noise and in a loud place it lowers the amplification. He explains that it is permitted to use them and move around while wearing them since either that isn't considered your action that the device changed its functionality or that it is but it is permitted since the accomplishments of the change in voltage in the circuit are insignificant and don't violate makeh bpatish, boneh, or molid. The automatic mode of hearing aids is described here: https://www.boystownhospital.org/knowledgeCenter/articles/hearing/Pages/PutYourHearingAidsOnAutomatic.aspx.</ref>
# It is forbidden to use a microphone on Shabbat.<Ref>Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach 1:9 s.v. ach writes that even if one solves all melacha issues with speaking into a microphone on Shabbat nonetheless it is forbidden since it creates an audible noise which is a violation of Avsha Milta (Shabbat 18a, Rama 252:5), which is Zilzul Shabbat. One of his precedents is the Nodeh Byehuda OC 30 regarding umbrellas where there is a concern of Zilzul Shabbat even if it was open before Shabbat.</ref>


==Setting Timers before Shabbat==
==Setting Timers before Shabbat==