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General Laws of Muktzeh: Difference between revisions

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# It is permitted to move a [[Muktzeh]] item with one’s body. <Ref> The Mishnah ([[Shabbat]] 141a) states that one may push [[Muktzeh]] straw off of his bed with his body but not with his hands. The Gemara explains that this is based on the principle that indirect movement of [[Muktzeh]] is permitted. Based on the distinction of Tosfot (see note 1), Rabbeinu Yonah (cited by the Rosh 3:19) asks why indirect movement of [[Muktzeh]] is permitted if one’s intent is to move the [[Muktzeh]] item. The Rosh answers that moving [[Muktzeh]] with one’s body is permitted even if one’s intent is to move [[Muktzeh]], whereas direct movement of a non-[[Muktzeh]] item which in turn moves a [[Muktzeh]] item is permitted only if one’s intent is for the non-[[Muktzeh]] item. Tur and S”A 311:8 codify this as halacha.  
# It is permitted to move a [[Muktzeh]] item with one’s body. <Ref> The Mishnah ([[Shabbat]] 141a) states that one may push [[Muktzeh]] straw off of his bed with his body but not with his hands. The Gemara explains that this is based on the principle that indirect movement of [[Muktzeh]] is permitted. Based on the distinction of Tosfot (see note 1), Rabbeinu Yonah (cited by the Rosh 3:19) asks why indirect movement of [[Muktzeh]] is permitted if one’s intent is to move the [[Muktzeh]] item. The Rosh answers that moving [[Muktzeh]] with one’s body is permitted even if one’s intent is to move [[Muktzeh]], whereas direct movement of a non-[[Muktzeh]] item which in turn moves a [[Muktzeh]] item is permitted only if one’s intent is for the non-[[Muktzeh]] item. Tur and S”A 311:8 codify this as halacha.  
* The Mishna Brurah 311:30 writes that it is permitted to move [[Muktzeh]] with any part of one’s body other than his hands. For example, in 308:13 and 30 he writes that one may move [[Muktzeh]] with one’s foot. Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata 22:36 agrees. See Chazon Ish 47:12, who argues that the Rosh merely meant that one may lie down on straw even if it moves since its not evident that one is moving [[Muktzeh]]. One may not, however, move [[Muktzeh]] with one’s body if his primary intent is to move [[Muktzeh]]. See Rabbi Mordechai Willig (Am Mordechai p. 105-6) who connects this to the above dispute. </ref>
* The Mishna Brurah 311:30 writes that it is permitted to move [[Muktzeh]] with any part of one’s body other than his hands. For example, in 308:13 and 30 he writes that one may move [[Muktzeh]] with one’s foot. Shemirat [[Shabbat]] Kehilchata 22:36 agrees. See Chazon Ish 47:12, who argues that the Rosh merely meant that one may lie down on straw even if it moves since its not evident that one is moving [[Muktzeh]]. One may not, however, move [[Muktzeh]] with one’s body if his primary intent is to move [[Muktzeh]]. See Rabbi Mordechai Willig (Am Mordechai p. 105-6) who connects this to the above dispute. </ref>
# It’s permissible to blow on [[Muktzeh]] to make it move if it’s for a permissible purpose. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch 308:43 and Rama 308:3 consider blowing on [[Muktzeh]] as indirect movement which can be moved for a permissible purpose. </ref>
# It’s permissible to blow on [[Muktzeh]] to make it move even if it is for the protection of the muktzeh item. <Ref>Shulchan Aruch 308:43 and Rama 308:3 consider blowing on [[Muktzeh]] as tiltul bgufo and is permitted even if it is for the protection of the muktzeh. Rabbi Akiva Eiger on Rama 308:3 points out that the Maharil 200 holds that moving muktzeh with one's body is like indirect movement which can be moved only for a permissible purpose. But he concludes that we hold like the Rosh that it is permitted even for the muktzeh itself. Similarly see Mishna Brurah 309:15 who cites a similar approach of the Maharil.</ref>
# Additionally, it’s permissible to cover a [[Muktzeh]] item with a vessel even if the vessel will touch the [[Muktzeh]] as long as placing the cover on the [[Muktzeh]] will not move it. <ref>Mishna Brurah 308:22 rules like the Gra unlike the Magen Avraham (which was brought as a dispute in Mishna Brurah 308:17). </ref>
# Additionally, it’s permissible to cover a [[Muktzeh]] item with a vessel even if the vessel will touch the [[Muktzeh]] as long as placing the cover on the [[Muktzeh]] will not move it. <ref>Mishna Brurah 308:22 rules like the Gra unlike the Magen Avraham (which was brought as a dispute in Mishna Brurah 308:17). </ref>
# It’s permissible to sit on [[Muktzeh]] unless there’s no need in which case one shouldn’t. <Ref>Ran on Rif (Shabbat 46b), Mishna Brurah 308:82 </ref>
# It’s permissible to sit on [[Muktzeh]] unless there’s no need in which case one shouldn’t. <Ref>Ran on Rif (Shabbat 46b), Mishna Brurah 308:82 </ref>
===For Safety===
===For Safety===
# It is permitted to move something dangerous that is muktzeh such as moving broken glass on the floor of a house.<ref>Shabbat 40a, Rama 308:6. Mishna Brurah 308:29 and 77 clarifies that the leniency applies even if it is for the safety of one person.</ref> If it could be moved with one's body or without tiltul min hasad it should.<ref>Byitzchak Bikareh 308:18</ref>
# It is permitted to move something dangerous that is muktzeh such as moving broken glass on the floor of a house.<ref>Shabbat 40a, Rama 308:6. Mishna Brurah 308:29 and 77 clarifies that the leniency applies even if it is for the safety of one person.</ref> If it could be moved with one's body or without tiltul min hasad it should.<ref>Byitzchak Bikareh 308:18</ref>