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Kavod and Oneg Shabbat: Difference between revisions
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==Oneg Shabbat (Enjoying Shabbat)== | ==Oneg Shabbat (Enjoying Shabbat)== | ||
# There are two expressions of how to observe [[Shabbat]] in the Torah, שמור and זכור which the prophets explained as a mitzvah of כבוד (respect) and עונג (enjoyment) of [[Shabbat]]. <ref> This is the language of the Rambam ([[Shabbat]] 30:1) which implies that the mitzvah of Oneg is Derabbanan. The obligation of Oneg comes from the pasuk in Yishayahu 58:13 וקראת לשבת עונג. The Mishna Brurah 242:1 writes that the Ramban holds that this mitzvah is Deoritta while the Sefer HaChinuch holds that it's only Derabbanan. See Sh"t Yabia Omer 4:26(2) who proves that there is no mitzvah of Simcha by [[Shabbat]] like there is by [[Yom Tov]]. </ref> | # There are two expressions of how to observe [[Shabbat]] in the Torah, שמור and זכור which the prophets explained as a mitzvah of כבוד (respect) and עונג (enjoyment) of [[Shabbat]]. <ref> This is the language of the Rambam ([[Shabbat]] 30:1) which implies that the mitzvah of Oneg is Derabbanan. The obligation of Oneg comes from the pasuk in Yishayahu 58:13 וקראת לשבת עונג. The Mishna Brurah 242:1 writes that the Ramban holds that this mitzvah is Deoritta while the Sefer HaChinuch holds that it's only Derabbanan. See Sh"t Yabia Omer 4:26(2) who proves that there is no mitzvah of Simcha by [[Shabbat]] like there is by [[Yom Tov]]. </ref> | ||
# What is Oneg? There is a mitzvah to prepare tasty and special food for [[Shabbat]] each one according to their wealth. Eating the three meals of [[Shabbat]], having meat and wine, and sleeping on [[Shabbat]] are all a fulfillment of Oneg [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata (Intro to new edition 2:10) based on Rambam ([[Shabbat]] 30:7,9,10), Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 1 Siman 242:1-2. The gemara [[Shabbat]] 118a explains in different ways how great the reward is for one who properly fulfills this mitzva of [[oneg Shabbat]]. </ref> However, it is improper to get drunk on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Rav Nevensal in BeYitzchak Yikare on Shulchan Aruch 250:2</ref> | # What is Oneg? There is a mitzvah to prepare tasty and special food for [[Shabbat]] each one according to their wealth. Eating the three meals of [[Shabbat]], having meat and wine, and sleeping on [[Shabbat]] are all a fulfillment of Oneg [[Shabbat]]. <ref> Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata (Intro to new edition 2:10) based on Rambam ([[Shabbat]] 30:7,9,10), Yalkut Yosef [[Shabbat]] vol. 1 Siman 242:1-2. The gemara [[Shabbat]] 118a explains in different ways how great the reward is for one who properly fulfills this mitzva of [[oneg Shabbat]]. </ref> However, it is improper not to get drunk on [[Shabbat]]. <ref>Rav Nevensal in BeYitzchak Yikare on Shulchan Aruch 250:2</ref> | ||
# Included in enjoying [[Shabbat]] (Oneg [[Shabbat]]) is giving [[charity]] to the needy so that they can also enjoy [[Shabbat]].<ref>Rav Nevensal in BeYitzchak Yikare on Shulchan Aruch 250:2</ref> | # Included in enjoying [[Shabbat]] (Oneg [[Shabbat]]) is giving [[charity]] to the needy so that they can also enjoy [[Shabbat]].<ref>Rav Nevensal in BeYitzchak Yikare on Shulchan Aruch 250:2</ref> | ||
# It is forbidden to fast on [[Shabbat]] unless one enjoys fasting. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 288:1, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata (Intro to new edition, chap 2 note 42). Beiur Halacha s.v. Asur, Sh"t Yabia Omer 4:26 </ref> One may not fast even for a small amount of time if one's intent is to fast, and one may not fast past [[Chatzot]] even if one's intent is not to fast.<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:20</ref> | # It is forbidden to fast on [[Shabbat]] unless one enjoys fasting. <ref> Shulchan Aruch 288:1, Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata (Intro to new edition, chap 2 note 42). Beiur Halacha s.v. Asur, Sh"t Yabia Omer 4:26 </ref> One may not fast even for a small amount of time if one's intent is to fast, and one may not fast past [[Chatzot]] even if one's intent is not to fast.<ref>Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:20</ref> | ||
# Workers who usually don't establish a time to learn during the week, should endeavor to learn Torah on [[Shabbat]] even more than Talmidei Chachamim who learn all week.<ref>Rama 290:2</ref> | # Workers who usually don't establish a time to learn during the week, should endeavor to learn Torah on [[Shabbat]] even more than Talmidei Chachamim who learn all week.<ref>Rama 290:2</ref> | ||
# One should check one's clothing on Friday to make sure that there's not a needle left stuck in them or something in the pockets so that one doesn't come to carry on [[Shabbat]] and even if there's an eiruv one should still check to make sure that there's nothing [[Muktzeh]] in the clothes. <ref>The Briatta in Gemara [[Shabbat]] 12a states that one should check one's clothing on Friday. Rashi explains that one should check to make sure there aren't things attached to the clothing so that one doesn't come to carry on [[Shabbat]]. Shulchan Aruch 252:7 codifies this as halacha. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:23 adds that even if there's an eiruv one should check to make sure that there's nothing [[Muktzeh]] in the clothes. </ref> | # One should check one's clothing on Friday to make sure that there's not a needle left stuck in them or something in the pockets so that one doesn't come to carry on [[Shabbat]] and even if there's an eiruv one should still check to make sure that there's nothing [[Muktzeh]] in the clothes. <ref>The Briatta in Gemara [[Shabbat]] 12a states that one should check one's clothing on Friday. Rashi explains that one should check to make sure there aren't things attached to the clothing so that one doesn't come to carry on [[Shabbat]]. Shulchan Aruch 252:7 codifies this as halacha. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:23 adds that even if there's an eiruv one should check to make sure that there's nothing [[Muktzeh]] in the clothes. </ref> | ||
==Zechirat Shabbat (Remembering Shabbat)== | ==Zechirat Shabbat (Remembering Shabbat)== | ||
# According to some there’s a mitzvah Deoritta to remember [[Shabbat]] every day of the week. The minhag is to fulfill this requirement by counting the day of the week before Shir Shel Yom. <Ref> Ramban Shemot 20:8 writes that there’s a mitzvah Deoritta in counting every day of the week towards [[Shabbat]]. This is also the opinion of Chaye Adam ([[Shabbat]] 1:1), Mekor Chaim 271:3, and Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 42:3 </ref> | # According to some there’s a mitzvah Deoritta to remember [[Shabbat]] every day of the week. The minhag is to fulfill this requirement by counting the day of the week before Shir Shel Yom. <Ref> Ramban Shemot 20:8 writes that there’s a mitzvah Deoritta in counting every day of the week towards [[Shabbat]]. This is also the opinion of Chaye Adam ([[Shabbat]] 1:1), Mekor Chaim 271:3, and Shemirat [[Shabbat]] KeHilchata 42:3 </ref> | ||
