3,231
edits
Second Day of Yom Tov: Difference between revisions
From Halachipedia
no edit summary
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
Outside of [[Israel]] we keep a second day of [[Yom Tov]]. Even though originally it was established it was because we weren’t sure about the dates, and nowadays we have an established calendar, the obligation still exists. This is because the rabbis decided that maybe at some point in history one of the governments ruling over us outside of [[Israel]] can decree that we can’t learn torah, and we would get confused with how to set when [[Rosh Chodesh]] is, and mistakenly eat chametz on [[Pesach]]. <ref>Beitza 4b. See introduction to Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato for background and history of Yom Tov Sheni </ref> | Outside of [[Israel]] we keep a second day of [[Yom Tov]]. Even though originally it was established it was because we weren’t sure about the dates, and nowadays we have an established calendar, the obligation still exists. This is because the rabbis decided that maybe at some point in history one of the governments ruling over us outside of [[Israel]] can decree that we can’t learn torah, and we would get confused with how to set when [[Rosh Chodesh]] is, and mistakenly eat chametz on [[Pesach]]. <ref>Beitza 4b, Mishna Brura 496:1. See introduction to Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato for background and history of Yom Tov Sheni </ref> | ||
==General Laws== | |||
# Generally, anything that is prohibited on the first day, is also forbidden on Yom Tov Sheni, whether it is something that is forbidden from the Torah or rabbinically.<ref> Shulchan Aruch 496:1, Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato 1:1 </ref> | |||
## The exception is for a sick person who is not in danger of dying. On the first day you can only get healed by a non-Jew but on the second day a Jew can do himself as long as its only violating a rabbinic prohibition but something that is forbidden from the Torah is forbidden even on the second day. <ref> S”A and Rama 496:2 </ref> | |||
## One other case that is different is with regards to burying a dead body which on [[Yom Tov]] rishon would only be done by a non-Jew but on the second day it would be allowed for a Jew to perform himself. <Ref> S”A 496:1-2 </ref> | |||
# However, the two days of [[Rosh Hashana]] are considered one long day of [[Yom Tov]] and therefore there is not even that difference. <Ref> S”A 496:1-2 </ref> | |||
# It is forbidden to ask a non-Jew to perform forbidden labor for you even on Yom Tov Sheni.<ref> Shu"t Minchat Yitzchak 7:34, She"t Iggerot Moshe OC 4:106: "Ach", Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato 1:note 4 in the name of Rav Yosef Shalom Elyashiv and Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach </ref> | |||
# We do not wear tefillin on Yom Tov Sheni even though wearing tefillin each day is a mitzva diorayta.<ref>Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato 1:2. Shu"t Harashba 1:61 explains that even putting on tefillin without a beracha would be a disgrace to the establishment of Yom Tov Sheni, and therefore our rabbis enacted that we shouldn't wear them at all. The rabbis are authorized to tell us to refrain from fulfilling the mitzva in a passive manner. The Rashba adds that if you do wear tefillin on this day you are in violation of a Torah prohibition </ref> | |||
# We recite all berachot such as Kiddush, on Yom Tov Sheni just as we do on the first day.<ref> Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato 1:2 </ref> | |||
==Preparing on the First Day for the Second== | |||
# | |||
==Lighting Candles== | ==Lighting Candles== | ||
# Most poskim hold that one must light the candles for the second day of Yom Tov after nightfall because it is forbidden to prepare from one day of Yom Tov for the next.<ref> The son of the Prisha (Introduction to Prisha YD) quotes his mother as saying that on the second day of Yom Tov one must light after nightfall so as not to prepare from one day of Yom Tov for the next. The Levush 488 and Eliyah Rabba 488:7 argues that one may light before nightfall as long as it is getting dark out because the candles are beneficial even for the first day so that one can see better in the light. Mishna Brurah 514:33 agrees. Nitai Gavriel (Yom Tov v. 2, 15:3, p. 107) points out that the Eliyah Rabba would agree with the Prisha's mother in the common case where there are electric lights no and the candles doesn't make it easier to see.</ref> | # Most poskim hold that one must light the candles for the second day of Yom Tov after nightfall because it is forbidden to prepare from one day of Yom Tov for the next.<ref> The son of the Prisha (Introduction to Prisha YD) quotes his mother as saying that on the second day of Yom Tov one must light after nightfall so as not to prepare from one day of Yom Tov for the next. The Levush 488 and Eliyah Rabba 488:7 argues that one may light before nightfall as long as it is getting dark out because the candles are beneficial even for the first day so that one can see better in the light. Mishna Brurah 514:33 agrees. Nitai Gavriel (Yom Tov v. 2, 15:3, p. 107) points out that the Eliyah Rabba would agree with the Prisha's mother in the common case where there are electric lights no and the candles doesn't make it easier to see.</ref> | ||
| Line 7: | Line 16: | ||
# Some say that if is going to say Kiddush for the second day of Yom Tov early before nightfall, one is permitted and should light the candles before Kiddush so that one can see the candles during Kiddush. <Ref>Rav Poalim 4:23 and Ben Ish Chai (Bamidbar #2) writes that since one should see the candles while saying Kiddush, and some even say that this is absolutely necessary, lighting the candles is an immediate need and not an issue of preparing from one day of Yom Tov for the next. He goes on to explain that the dispute between the Prisha's mother and Eliyah Rabba one applies is one is lighting before nightfall and making Kiddush after nightfall. Rav Shlomo Zalman in Minchat Shlomo 1:3 mentions that some say you can take upon yourself early Yom Tov Sheni and it isn't considered a degradation of the first day of Yom Tov. However, Rivevot Efraim 6:270 advises against early yom tov sheni. Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato p. 37 writes that one should only do so in a case of extenuating circumstances and cites Rav Elyashiv who agrees. His reasons are so that people don't come to prepare on the first day for the second and so as not to degrade the kedusha of the first day.</ref> | # Some say that if is going to say Kiddush for the second day of Yom Tov early before nightfall, one is permitted and should light the candles before Kiddush so that one can see the candles during Kiddush. <Ref>Rav Poalim 4:23 and Ben Ish Chai (Bamidbar #2) writes that since one should see the candles while saying Kiddush, and some even say that this is absolutely necessary, lighting the candles is an immediate need and not an issue of preparing from one day of Yom Tov for the next. He goes on to explain that the dispute between the Prisha's mother and Eliyah Rabba one applies is one is lighting before nightfall and making Kiddush after nightfall. Rav Shlomo Zalman in Minchat Shlomo 1:3 mentions that some say you can take upon yourself early Yom Tov Sheni and it isn't considered a degradation of the first day of Yom Tov. However, Rivevot Efraim 6:270 advises against early yom tov sheni. Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato p. 37 writes that one should only do so in a case of extenuating circumstances and cites Rav Elyashiv who agrees. His reasons are so that people don't come to prepare on the first day for the second and so as not to degrade the kedusha of the first day.</ref> | ||
# Some say that if Yom Tov is on Motzei Shabbat one may not accept Yom Tov Sheni early.<ref>Rav Shlomo Zalman in Minchat Shlomo 1:3 s.v. ach</ref> | # Some say that if Yom Tov is on Motzei Shabbat one may not accept Yom Tov Sheni early.<ref>Rav Shlomo Zalman in Minchat Shlomo 1:3 s.v. ach</ref> | ||
==Halachot of an Israeli Outside of Israel== | ==Halachot of an Israeli Outside of Israel== | ||
