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Zimmun: Difference between revisions
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# Some say that answering Zimmun is considered one of a person’s hundred [[Brachot]] every day. <Ref> Sefer Keysad Mezamnin 1:22 </ref> | # Some say that answering Zimmun is considered one of a person’s hundred [[Brachot]] every day. <Ref> Sefer Keysad Mezamnin 1:22 </ref> | ||
== Who has the obligation?== | == Who has the obligation?== | ||
# It only applies when three or more people eat together. The three conditions to be considered “together” is that those who are eating 1) eat while seated, 2) sit at one table, and 3) eat simultaneously either at the beginning or the end of the meal. <ref> S”A 193:2 writes that a third person can join two that already started eating if he is “Koveh” (establishes his place) with them. Mishna Brurah 193:21 writes that if one doesn’t eat while sitting and eat at the same table one isn’t considered as being Koveh with the others. | # It only applies when three or more people eat together. The three conditions to be considered “together” is that those who are eating 1) eat while seated, 2) sit at one table, and 3) eat simultaneously either at the beginning or the end of the meal. <ref> S”A 193:2 writes that a third person can join two that already started eating if he is “Koveh” (establishes his place) with them. Mishna Brurah 193:21 writes that if one doesn’t eat while sitting and eat at the same table one isn’t considered as being Koveh with the others. Magen Avraham 195:2 and Mishna Brurah 197:3 also include the requirement of sitting at the same table. </ref> | ||
# If two groups ate in different places in the same house and they could see from one group to another, if they have intent (when they began the meal) to join for Zimmun they may join, however, if if they didn’t have intent, then according to Sephardim they may not join for Zimmun, but according to Ashkenazim it’s a dispute whether they may join for Zimmun. <Ref>S”A 195:1, Mishna Brurah 195:6 </ref> | # If two groups ate in different places in the same house and they could see from one group to another, if they have intent (when they began the meal) to join for Zimmun they may join, however, if if they didn’t have intent, then according to Sephardim they may not join for Zimmun, but according to Ashkenazim it’s a dispute whether they may join for Zimmun. <Ref>S”A 195:1, Mishna Brurah 195:6 </ref> | ||
# If three people aren’t obligated to make Zimmun as they didn’t join their meals, the three can’t do Zimmun. <ref> Rama 193:3 writes that even if three people aren’t obligated in Zimmun it’s preferable that they make Zimmun because of Berov Am Hadrat Melech, that it’s preferable to honor Hashem in multitudes. Mishna Brurah 193:23 writes that the same would apply if there are more than 3 people. However, | # If three people aren’t obligated to make Zimmun as they didn’t join their meals, the three can’t do Zimmun. <ref> Rama 193:3 writes that even if three people aren’t obligated in Zimmun it’s preferable that they make Zimmun because of Berov Am Hadrat Melech, that it’s preferable to honor Hashem in multitudes. Mishna Brurah 193:23 writes that the same would apply if there are more than 3 people. However, Magen Avraham in name of many poskim that since one can’t fulfill the [[Birkat HaMazon]] for another person one is also not allowed to make a zimun together. Mishna Brurah 193:24 concludes that the Magen Avraham is more logical. </ref> | ||
# If three ate together and were obligated in Zimmun and one forgot about Zimmun and said [[Birkat HaMazon]] then the other two can say Zimmun with the third. <Ref>S”A 194:1 </ref>However, if one of the group answered Zimmun with another group he can’t answer another zimmun of three. <Ref>Rama 194:1 </ref> | # If three ate together and were obligated in Zimmun and one forgot about Zimmun and said [[Birkat HaMazon]] then the other two can say Zimmun with the third. <Ref>S”A 194:1 </ref>However, if one of the group answered Zimmun with another group he can’t answer another zimmun of three. <Ref>Rama 194:1 </ref> | ||
# If three ate together and one person left he could be called back and Zimmun could be said even if he’s standing by the door next to them, however he should say [[Birkat HaMazon]] where he ate. However, if ten people ate together and one left he should be called back and everyone should sit down for Zimmun. <Ref>S”A 194:2, Mishna Brurah 194:8 </ref> | # If three ate together and one person left he could be called back and Zimmun could be said even if he’s standing by the door next to them, however he should say [[Birkat HaMazon]] where he ate. However, if ten people ate together and one left he should be called back and everyone should sit down for Zimmun. <Ref>S”A 194:2, Mishna Brurah 194:8 </ref> | ||
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# If three people ate together, two ate bread and one ate a [[Kezayit]] of something else or drank a [[Revi'it]] of a drink (other than water) are obligated to make Zimmun. <ref> Mishna Brurah 197:20 writes that if one out of three people ate a [[Kezayit]] of a food (other than bread) or drank a reviyat of drinks (other than water), the three people can still make Zimmun. </ref> | # If three people ate together, two ate bread and one ate a [[Kezayit]] of something else or drank a [[Revi'it]] of a drink (other than water) are obligated to make Zimmun. <ref> Mishna Brurah 197:20 writes that if one out of three people ate a [[Kezayit]] of a food (other than bread) or drank a reviyat of drinks (other than water), the three people can still make Zimmun. </ref> | ||
# If one of three only had a [[Kezayit]] of another food or a reviyat of drinks, and one of those who ate bread forgot to wait for Zimmun and Benched, the other one who ate bread can no longer make Zimmun. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 197:9 </ref> | # If one of three only had a [[Kezayit]] of another food or a reviyat of drinks, and one of those who ate bread forgot to wait for Zimmun and Benched, the other one who ate bread can no longer make Zimmun. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 197:9 </ref> | ||
# If one of three only had a [[Kezayit]] of another food or a reviyat of drinks, and the one who didn’t eat bread forgot to wait for Zimmun and made [[Bracha Achrona]], the other two who ate bread can no longer make Zimmun. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 194 (Beiur Halacha s.v. Echad Mehem) quotes tha Eliya Rabba who is unsure whether the one who ate bread and didn’t make [[Birkat HaMazon]] can make Zimmun and concludes that since there’s only one who is obligated (and can fulfill their obligation) they can’t make Zimmun. Such is also the opinion of the Birkei Yosef, Mamer Mordechai, and | # If one of three only had a [[Kezayit]] of another food or a reviyat of drinks, and the one who didn’t eat bread forgot to wait for Zimmun and made [[Bracha Achrona]], the other two who ate bread can no longer make Zimmun. <Ref> Mishna Brurah 194 (Beiur Halacha s.v. Echad Mehem) quotes tha Eliya Rabba who is unsure whether the one who ate bread and didn’t make [[Birkat HaMazon]] can make Zimmun and concludes that since there’s only one who is obligated (and can fulfill their obligation) they can’t make Zimmun. Such is also the opinion of the Birkei Yosef, Mamer Mordechai, and Magen Giborim. </ref> | ||
==Safek Zimmun== | ==Safek Zimmun== | ||
# If there’s a doubt whether Zimmun was made or not (or in general a doubt concerning Zimmun) one should be strict to say Zimmun and in a Zimmun of 10 one shouldn’t add Hashem’s name. <ref> Mishna Brurah (Beiur Halacha 197 s.v. Imahem) quotes the Pri Megadim and Chaye Adam who write that if there’s a safek by zimmun one should say it however by the Zimmun of ten people one shouldn’t say it because it includes Hashem’s name.</ref> | # If there’s a doubt whether Zimmun was made or not (or in general a doubt concerning Zimmun) one should be strict to say Zimmun and in a Zimmun of 10 one shouldn’t add Hashem’s name. <ref> Mishna Brurah (Beiur Halacha 197 s.v. Imahem) quotes the Pri Megadim and Chaye Adam who write that if there’s a safek by zimmun one should say it however by the Zimmun of ten people one shouldn’t say it because it includes Hashem’s name.</ref> | ||
